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Newly revised ISSVA classification for vascular anomalies(2025 version) and interpretation Du Zhong, Zheng Jiawei, Wang Yan'an China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (4): 313-317.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.001 Abstract （523）      PDF （1054KB）（886）       Knowledge map    Vascular anomalies can be primarily categorized into two major groups: vascular tumors and vascular malformations. In 1982, Mulliken and Glowacki proposed a revolutionary biological classification. Specifically, based on the proliferation characteristics of endothelial cells, these anomalies were differentiated into "hemangiomas" and "vascular malformations". In 1996, this classification system was adopted by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) as the standard classification, and has been undergoing continuous refinement up to the present. In May 2025, the latest ISSVA World Congress was convened in Paris. The 2018 classification system, which is currently in wide use, was further optimized. A substantial number of structural and detailed adjustments were made, rendering the new classification system more streamlined. Consequently, its usability has been remarkably enhanced. This evolution of the ISSVA classification mirrors the deepening of the understanding from the morphological level to the molecular mechanism level. Every update holds milestone significance for the standardization of the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases globally. This paper aimed to introduce and interpret the newly revised ISSVA classification (2025 version), providing a reference for clinical practice, scientific research, and academic exchanges. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Visual analysis of clinical research literatures on temporomandibular joint disorders at both home and abroad from 2013 to 2023 LIU Xing-yu, JIANG Nan China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 185-195.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.014 Abstract （849）      PDF （2071KB）（859）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To analyze the evolution of domestic and international clinical researches on temporomandibular joint disorders(TMD) from 2013 to 2023,to understand the development trends and research hotspots, and to explore future research directions. METHODS: Clinical research literatures on TMD published between 2013 and 2023 were collected through PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang Data, and VIP databases. CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software was utilized for visual analysis. Methods included keyword frequency statistics, co-occurrence analysis, clustering analysis, and timeline analysis to construct knowledge maps and identify research hotspots. RESULTS: Domestic research hotspots were primarily focused on pain management, acupuncture therapy, and tissue repair. In contrast, international researches heavily emphasized quality of life and non-invasive treatment approaches. Both domestic and international studies underscored the importance of interdisciplinary integration and the application of new technologies. Keywords such as "acupuncture treatment" have appeared relatively late in domestic researches but showed a clear trend, indicating an interest in the application of traditional medicine and emerging technologies. International researches had earlier focused on psychological factors and quality of life, and leaded in the application of new materials and technologies. CONCLUSIONS: Although there are differences in methods and focal points between domestic and international researches, there is a consistent focus on core issues such as pain management and the application of imaging technologies. Future researches should enhance attention to psychological factors and comprehensive health management, draw on international experience, explore the application of new materials and new technologies, and promote interdisciplinary collaboration to improve the diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders and the quality of life of patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in anatomy and clinical applications of buccal fat pad Niu Lingxiao, Dang Qingqing, Han Bing China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (3): 302-306.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.03.015 Abstract （364）      PDF （765KB）（828）       Knowledge map    Buccal fat padBFP) is an irregular mass of adipose tissue located within the deep facial recesses, with rich blood supply and encapsulated structure, which can isolate mesenchymal stem cells with multidirectional differentiation ability. The pedicled buccal fat pad flap is easy to prepare and has a high survival rate, and has been widely used in the repair of soft and hard tissue defects in the oral and maxillofacial region. The osteogenic ability of buccal fat pad derived mesenchymal stem cells has been demonstrated in vitro and has been used in clinical trials to repair jaw defects in recent years. In plastic surgery, the potential of both pedicled and free buccal fat pad flaps for improving facial contours continues to be explored. However, research on the long-term benefits for patients and the differences between these flaps and other pedicled skin flaps is limited. This review summarized the current advancements in the anatomy and some clinical applications of the buccal fat pad. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary application of artificial intelligence in the pathological diagnosis of ameloblastoma QIAO Xin-wei, LI Mao, SHEN Ze-liang, ZHANG Lin-han, ZHENG Zhi-jian, TANG Ya-ling China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 122-128.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.004 Abstract （296）      PDF （3026KB）（786）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of artificial intelligence in the pathological diagnosis of ameloblastoma, and to preliminarily explore the value of artificial intelligence in the field of oral pathology. METHODS: The pathological images of 90 cases of ameloblastoma were used as the research objects, and the U-net-like structure neural network was constructed. The 90 H-E images of ameloblastoma were divided into a training set (72 images), a validation set (9 images) and a test set (9 images) for training and testing the model respectively. The mIoU and ROC curve were used to evaluate the ability of the U-net network model in the identification of ameloblastoma epithelium. RESULTS: The mIoU of negative area segmented by U-net model was 0.818 and the positive area was 0.846. The area under the ROC curve was 0.92. CONCLUSIONS: The U-net network model has a good segmentation for the positive and negative regions of ameloblastoma, and can distinguish between negative and positive sections. It can be preliminarily applied to the pathological diagnosis of ameloblastoma, and is expected to be gradually popularized in clinical practice after further validation with large samples. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration on construction of remote medical model for the diagnosis and treatment of dento-maxillofacial deformities Hu Lingling, Sun Yingjia, Jiang Peiling, Xie Zhijian China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (3): 209-214.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.03.001 Abstract （251）      PDF （871KB）（617）       Knowledge map    The orthodontic-orthognathic treatment is presently the predominant approach to rectifying dentomaxillofacial deformities. Nevertheless, the extended duration of the treatment cycle and the intricacy of the surgical procedures pose significant challenges for patients situated in various locations and restrict the accessibility of superior medical resources. To mitigate these limitations, this study introduced a remote medicine model for dentomaxillofacial deformities, predicated on the "internet + medicine" paradigm, and delineated its standardized procedures and quality control framework. This model adhered to the "1+1+N" paradigm, where a remote medical center served as the nucleus, and a dentomaxillofacial deformity consultation e-cloud platform functioned as the interconnecting nexus. This arrangement facilitated the effective amalgamation of superior medical resources, thereby augmenting treatment efficacy and enhancing patient experience. Additionally, this study focused on the detailed construction of a multifunctional dentomaxillofacial deformity consultation e-cloud platform and comprehensive quality control framework. This approach provided a scientific and effective solution for strengthening remote medical quality supervision, promoting the rational allocation of medical resources, and improving the service level of primary hospitals. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of maintenance anesthetics on neurobehavioral development of infants undergoing cleft lip and palate surgery LIU Wen-hui, ZHOU Xun, MA Li, LI Jing-jie, LIU Jin-xing, QIU Lin China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 145-151.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.007 Abstract （191）      PDF （1111KB）（607）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To study the effect of different maintenance anesthetics on postoperative short-term neurobehavioral development in children undergoing cleft lip and palate surgery. METHODS: A total of 79 children under 2 years old who underwent cleft lip and palate surgery under general anesthesia were divided into inhalation anesthesia group (group IA) and combined intravenous inhalation anesthesia group (group CIIA) according to different medication methods during anesthesia maintenance. The Gesell Development Diagnosis Scale (GDDS) scores were recorded at preoperative baseline (T0), 6 months after surgery (M6) and 12 months after surgery (M12). The results included 5 functional areas of adaptability, fine motor, gross motor, language and social skills. The difference of GDDS scores between groups at each follow-up point was compared, and corrected regression analysis was performed. R 4.0.5 software was used for data analysis. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in basic characteristics and baseline GDDS scores between the two groups of patients before surgery, the induced medication and the sevoflurane concentration of maintenance during surgery between the two groups also had no significant difference. After adjusting for factors such as gender, maternal education level, BMI, family income, and anesthesia times, the fine motor ability of the combined intravenous inhalation anesthesia group was worse than that of the inhalation anesthesia group at 12 months post surgery (M12) (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with inhalation anesthesia, combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia may have a slight effect on the short-term fine motor ability of children after cleft lip and palate surgery under general anesthesia. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Association of preoperative anxiety level and postoperative pain in children undergoing general anesthesia of oral and maxillofacial day surgery SHEN Xiao-min, ZHONG Lin-hong, LI Jing-jie, LIU Jin-xing, QIU Lin China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 152-158.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.008 Abstract （526）      PDF （1223KB）（536）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the association between preoperative anxiety levels and postoperative pain in children undergoing general anesthesia of oral and maxillofacial day surgery. METHOD: A total of 769 children aged 3-12 years undergoing general anesthesia of oral and maxillofacial day surgery were included. According to the postoperative FLACC Pain Assessment Scale score, the children were divided into a postoperative pain group (FLACC≥ 4) and a non-pain group (FLACC< 4). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted on demographic data, preoperative anxiety levels of the children and their parents, surgical type, perioperative anesthetics and analgesics between the groups to explore the association of preoperative anxiety levels and postoperative pain in these children. R 4.2.3 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The incidence of postoperative pain in children under general anesthesia of oral and maxillofacial day surgery was 25.88%. Univariate regression suggested the preoperative Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Inventory(mYPAS) in pediatric patients (OR=3.31, 95%CI: 2.15-5.15, P< 0.001) and preoperative State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) score in parents (OR=2.04, 95%CI: 1.14-3.69, P=0.017) were associated with an increased risk of postoperative pain. After further adjusting for age, gender, BMI, medical history, fentanyl dosage, sufentanil dosage, ketamine dosage, and anesthesia duration, multiple regression analysis showed that higher mYPAS(OR=2.04, 95%CI: 1.27-3.3, P=0.003) in pediatric patients was associated with an increased risk of postoperative pain. There was no significant correlation between parental preoperative Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) score and the increased risk of postoperative pain in children. Subgroup analysis results showed that increased mYPAS scores in children without medical or surgery history, as well as increased SAI in parents who underwent plastic surgery or with surgery histories of their children, were associated with the higher risk of postoperative pain. The interaction between preoperative mYPAS and parental SAI-TAI on postoperative pain only showed a trend significance and did not show statistical differences. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative anxiety levels in children and the parental state anxiety were association with high risk of postoperative pain in children undergoing oral and maxillofacial day surgery. Therefore, effective interventions to reduce preoperative anxiety may improve postoperative pain management in this pediatric population. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A survey and study on temporomandibular disorders of male enlistment youths in Qingzhou city Yang Yongqiang, Sun Xia, Sun Ting, Xu Zhimin China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (3): 271-275.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.03.010 Abstract （209）      PDF （779KB）（493）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in young men who participated in the physical examination of Qingzhou conscription, and to observe the effects of two different treatments for TMD. METHODS: The oral medical history information of 690 male youth who participated in the conscription physical examination for enlisted citizens in Qingzhou city in the autumn of 2021 and the spring of 2022 was collected. The temporomandibular joint functions were examined, and the prevalence of TMD and the incidence rates of various symptoms were calculated. Among them, totally 85 patients with TMD were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into group A(n=42) and group B(n=43). Group A was treated with oral and maxillofacial system functional exercises, while group B was treated with full-arch anatomical occlusal splints. The therapeutic effects of TMD were evaluated after 3 months of treatment, and the recurrence of patients was observed after 12 months. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software package. RESULTS: A total of 120 TMD patients were identified in 690 youths with a prevalence rate of 17.39%, with 61 cases (18.05%) among 338 young men surveyed in the fall of 2021 and 59 cases (16.76%) among 352 young men surveyed in the spring of 2022. There was no significant difference in TMD prevalence between the two investigations (P>0.05). In addition, among the 690 youths, the incidence of clicking was the highest (15.65%), followed by mandibular dyskinesia (7.25%) and pain (1.30%). A few of the 120 TMD patients had a past medical history, mainly manifested as mandibular dyskinesia and clicking. After 3 months, the symptoms of TMD patients in group A were significantly improved after functional exercise, and there was no recurrence after 12 months. Among the 43 TMD patients in group B, 23 cases were completely cured, 9 cases were improved, but 4 cases recurred after 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence rate of TMD among young male recruits, most of them are mild and mainly characterized by clicking. After conservative treatment through functional exercises, patients with TMD can be cured and meet the enlistment standards, and thus should be retained. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on early quality of recovery of patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial tumour resection and free flap reconstruction surgery and its relationship with DAH30 ZHANG Yao, GUO Jun, LI Hui, ZHU Wen, LIU Bing, ZHANG Hui China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 110-116.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.002 Abstract （419）      PDF （930KB）（492）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the early quality of recovery (QoR) of patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial tumour resection and free flap reconstruction surgery, and to analyze the relationship between QoR and days at home alive up to 30 days after surgery(DAH30). METHODS: A prospective, single-centre, cohort study was conducted on patients who were admitted to our hospital from September 2022 to October 2023 and scheduled to undergo oral and maxillofacial tumour resection and free flap reconstruction surgery under general anaesthesia. QoR-15 scale was used to evaluate the QoR on the day before surgery, the first day after surgery, and the second day after surgery. The patients were grouped according to the QoR-15 score on the 1st day after surgery, and the main results were the situation of QoR in the early postoperative period and the relationship between QoR of the 1st postoperative day and DAH30. SAS 9.4 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: A total of 251 patients were analyzed, the QoR on the 1st day after surgery was 86(34.26%) cases as poor, 165(65.74%) cases as moderate, as well as 25 (9.96%) cases as poor, 213 (84.86%) cases as moderate and 13(5.18%) cases as good on the second day after surgery. On the first day after surgery, the median DAH30 of patients with poor QoR was 18 days, and that of patients with moderate QoR was 20 days, and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The early QoR of patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial tumour resection and free flap reconstruction surgery is mainly moderate. Enhancing the quality of recovery of such patients on the first day after surgery is beneficial to improve prognosis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect and mechanism of USP20 on the malignant biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma through NF-κB signaling pathway Liu Bo, Zhai Xiaoqi, Liu Yulu, Wang Sidan, Guan Jian China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (4): 331-339.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.004 Abstract （195）      PDF （2706KB）（451）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the effects and mechanisms of ubiquitin specific protease 20(USP20) on the malignant biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) through the nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signaling pathway. METHODS: The expression of USP20 in OSCC tissues was studied by bioinformatics analysis, Western blot assay and immunohistochemical staining. The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) database was used to explore the correlation between USP20 and OSCC clinicopathological indicators. Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL-27 cells with stable and lower expression of USP20 were constructed to investigate the effect of USP20 on the malignant biological behavior of OSCC through in vivo and in vitro experiments. The potential mechanism of USP20 affecting OSCC was explored through high-throughput RNA sequencing, combined with quantitative analysis of sequencing results and protein Western blot. RESULTS: USP20 was overexpressed in OSCC tissues. Knockdown of USP20 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of CAL-27 cells in vitro, and inhibited the growth of CAL-27 cell xenograft tumors. Knockdown of USP20 could inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway in CAL-27 cells and inhibit the malignant behavior of tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: USP20 is overexpressed in OSCC and promotes the growth and metastasis of OSCC through NF-κB signaling pathway. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of sagittal jaw movements and pharyngeal airway changes in skeletal Class Ⅱ patients following bimaxillary surgery WU Jia-qing, SHEN Ai-li, QIAN Yi-feng, LIU Jia-qiang China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 129-136.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.005 Abstract （235）      PDF （1458KB）（429）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between jaw movements and changes in pharyngeal airway morphology and volume by studying the preoperative and postoperative jaw movements and pharyngeal airway alterations in skeletal Class Ⅱ patients undergoing bimaxillary surgery. METHODS: A total of 28 skeletal Class Ⅱpatients with maxillary protrusion and mandibular retrusion who received orthognath-orthodontic combined treatment in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2021 to June 2024 were selected. All patients underwent maxillary setback via Le Fort I osteotomy combined with mandibular advancement using bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(BSSRO). The difference in sagittal movement of the mandible was defined by subtracting the maxillary retraction from the mandibular forward movement. According to the difference of sagittal movement of the mandible,the patients were divided into two groups: group A(n=14) with a sagittal movement difference > 0 mm, and group B (n=14) with a sagittal movement difference ≤; 0 mm. All patients received CT scans at the end of preoperative orthodontics (T0) and six months after orthognathic surgery(T1). The CT data were imported into Dolphin Imaging 11.9 software to measure pharyngeal airway morphological parameters and jaw movements. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 29.0 software package. RESULTS: In group A, the sagittal movement difference was positively and linearly correlated with oropharyngeal airway volume. In group B, the sagittal movement difference had a nonlinear relationship with oropharyngeal airway volume. When the sagittal movement difference was less than -1.24 mm(R2=0.8225, P< 0.05), -1.02 mm(R2=0.6670, P< 0.05), -1.34 mm(R2=0.7717, P< 0.05), and -1.17 mm(R2=0.7332, P< 0.05), the total pharyngeal airway volume, nasopharyngeal airway volume, oropharyngeal airway volume, and hypopharyngeal airway volume decreased, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In skeletal ClassⅡ patients undergoing maxillary setback combined with mandibular advancement, when the amount of maxillary setback exceeds the amount of mandibular advancement by more than 1 mm, there is significant reduction in pharyngeal airway volume. Therefore, for skeletal Class Ⅱ patients with a predisposition to pharyngeal airway narrowing, the treatment plan should be appropriately adjusted to mitigate airway risks.; Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression changes and clinical value of miR-155-5p, miR-138, miR-381-3p in oral squamous cell carcinoma WANG Xin, JIN Cheng, CUI Huan-huan China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 159-164.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.009 Abstract （225）      PDF （650KB）（410）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the expression and clinical value of microRNA-155-5p (miR-155-5p), miR-138 and miR-381-3p in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). METHODS: Cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues of 72 patients with OSCC were collected. Quantitative real-time PCR(RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expressions of miR-155-5p, miR-138 and miR-381-3p, and to analyze the relationship between the expressions of miR-155-5p, miR-138 and miR-381-3p and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in OSCC. SPSS 25.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Compared with adjacent normal tissues, the expression of miR-155-5p in cancer tissues was significantly increased, and the expression of miR-138 and miR-381-3p was significantly decreased(P< 0.05). High expression of miR-155-5p mRNA and low expression of miR-138 and miR-381-3p mRNA were found in cancer tissues of patients with tumor maximum diameter ≥ 3 cm, tumor invasion depth ≥ 5 mm, clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, cervical lymph node metastasis and moderate to high differentiation(P< 0.05). After 2 years of follow-up, the survival rate of 72 patients with OSCC was 40.32%(25/72). Compared with the survival patients, the expression of miR-155-5p mRNA in the dead patients was higher, and the expression of miR-138 and miR-381-3p mRNA was lower. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC) of miR-155-5p, miR-138 and miR-381-3p combined to predict poor prognosis in patients with OSCC was 0.957, which was significantly higher than that of single mRNA detection (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The expression of miR-155-5p in OSCC tissues is high, while miR-138 and miR-381-3p expression are low. The expression of the three factors are related to the invasion depth, clinical stage, cervical lymph node metastasis, differentiation degree and prognosis of the tumor. Clinically, combined detection of the three indicators can be strengthened to evaluate the prognosis of patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current research on the loss of contact between implant prostheses and adjacent natural teeth LAI Zi-ya, ZHAO Tian, GAO Yi-ming China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 202-205.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.016 Abstract （275）      PDF （438KB）（396）       Knowledge map    As one of the current treatment options for defect of dentition, implant restoration has been widely used in clinical practice. However, some complications have also seriously affected patient' quality of life after implant restoration, such as loss of proximal contact between implant prostheses and natural teeth, which can easily lead to implant peri-endodontitis, increase the probability of food impaction, and periodontitis. The current treatment methods for this postoperative phenomenon are relatively limited, and research on the etiology of the disease is also lacking. Therefore, this paper analyzed and discussed the problem of loss of adjacent contact between implant prostheses and natural teeth, comprehensively analyzed the causes of this disease, and summarized the current research status of clinical treatment methods. It also provided feasible suggestions for prevention and treatment in the later stage. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of comprehensive nursing combined with intraoperative correction via computer navigation on mouth opening and satisfaction in patients with temporomandibular joint ankylosis Tao Lili, Zhao Baojian, Liu Qianzi, Sun Guowen, Liu Xiaoyun China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (3): 284-289.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.03.012 Abstract （258）      PDF （765KB）（392）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of comprehensive nursing combined with intraoperative correction via computer navigation on mouth opening and satisfaction in patients with temporomandibular joint(TMJ) ankylosis. METHODS: A total of 104 patients with TMJ ankylosis who underwent treatment in Nanjing Stomatological Hospital from February 2016 to February 2023 were included and randomly divided into the control group (n=52, treated with intraoperative correction via computer navigation) and the experimental group(n=52, treated with comprehensive nursing on the basis of the control group). TMJ function, masticatory efficiency, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC) scores, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) scores, and patients' satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. SPSS 27.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: After treatment, the maximum mouth opening and masticatory efficiency in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while DI, PI and CMI were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). The CD-RISC subscale scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the OHIP-14 subscale scores were significantly lower (P<0.05). Patients' satisfaction was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive nursing combined with intraoperative correction via computer navigation demonstrates significant therapeutic effects in patients with TMJ ankylosis, which can effectively improve mouth opening, patients' satisfaction and joint function, and is suitable for clinical application. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A case of chronic pain caused by residual small foreign body during wisdom tooth extraction was misdiagnosed as somatoform disorder LI Shi-yong, WU Yong, ZHANG Xin, WANG Si-hang, FU Shuai China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 206-208.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.017 Abstract （276）      PDF （874KB）（390）       Knowledge map    Foreign bodies in oral and maxillofacial region are not rare in clinical practice. This paper reported a patient with long-term chronic pain caused by small metal foreign body remaining in the soft tissue during wisdom tooth extraction, and was later misdiagnosed as somatoform disorder. After the foreign body was removed, the patient's symptoms disappeared. The residual foreign bodies, causes of misdiagnosis, prevention and treatment were discussed based on relevant literature review, in order to strengthen the understanding of the disease and reduce misdiagnosis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors of sleep disorder and its correlation with quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors Hao Guihua, Yang Ying, Yang Jiebin, Shi Wentao, Shen Chaoqun, Hou lili, Zhao Xiaomei China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (4): 384-389.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.011 Abstract （181）      PDF （806KB）（376）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the influencing factors of sleep disorder in newly diagnosed patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors, and analyze the correlation between sleep disorder and quality of life. METHODS: A total of 217 newly diagnosed patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck cancer in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from May 2023 to April 2024 were investigated by questionnaires, including socioeconomic and disease data questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS), Head and Neck Cancer Quality of Life Scale. The patients were divided into sleep disorder group and normal group according to whether they had sleep disorder. Univariate analysis and logistic multivariate analysis were used to explore the related factors affecting sleep in patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between sleep disorder and quality of life. RESULTS: Of the 217 patients, totally 186 had sleep disorder (85.7%). Logistic regression analysis showed that monthly family income (OR: 3.707, 95%CI: 1.085-12.666, P<0.05) and anxiety and depression score (OR: 1.180, 95%CI: 1.082-1.288, P<0.05) were independent risk factors for sleep disorders. There was no significant difference in daytime sleepiness between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis showed that sleep quality was positively correlated with quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors(r=0.359, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of sleep disorders in patients with primary diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors is high and there are a number of factors that lead to the patients' poor quality of sleep, which need to be strengthened with interventions in order to improve the patients' sleep situation and the patients' quality of life. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the effectiveness of "Internet +" remote rehabilitation based on a four-dimensional innovation model for shoulder and neck recovery in oral cancer patients after selective neck dissection Wang Jia, Li Yijun, Zhang Xujie, Liu Fayu, Sun Changfu, Dai Hongliang China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (4): 369-376.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.009 Abstract （208）      PDF （940KB）（338）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluate the improvement of shoulder and neck function in postoperative oral cancer patients using an "Internet +" remote rehabilitation model based on a four-dimensional innovation model. METHODS: A total of 61 patients who underwent oral cancer surgery in Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University from July to October 2024 were selected and divided into control group (n=31) and experimental group (n=30) by random number table method. The control group received standard postoperative rehabilitation, including instructional manuals and exercise videos, to ensure proper rehabilitation training and precautions after discharge. Rehabilitation physicians assessed outcomes and provided guidance during follow-up visits. The experimental group adopted the "Internet +" remote rehabilitation model based on a four-dimensional innovation framework. The patients were instructed to download a rehabilitation follow-up app, which provided daily exercise reminders. Patients logged their completed exercises and periodically recorded rehabilitation videos. Rehabilitation physicians remotely evaluated and guided patients based on the submitted videos. Shoulder and neck function were assessed using the Constant-Murley Shoulder Score, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and Neck Dissection Impairment Index(NDII) at preoperative, 10-day, 1-month, and 3-month postoperative intervals. RESULTS: There was no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups(P>0.05). Generalized estimating equation analysis showed that there was significant difference in neck function between the two groups in the NDII scale (P<0.05). The score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 3 months after surgery(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups at 10 days and 1 month after surgery. For SPADI, between-group differences were observed in shoulder dysfunction (P<0.05), with the experimental group showing higher scores at 1 month (P<0.05), but no significant differences at 10 days or 3 months. Pain scores did not differ between groups or across time points (P>0.05). Additionally, Constant-Murley Score demonstrated that the experimental group had higher total scores, daily activity function, range of motion, and strength (P<0.05), with all subscales significantly higher at 1 month (P<0.05), but no differences at 10 days or 3 months. Similarly, pain scores in this scale showed no significant differences(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with traditional rehabilitation methods, the application of "Internet +" remote rehabilitation based on the four-dimensional innovative model can significantly improve the shoulder function of patients after selective neck dissection for oral cancer 1 month after operation, and neck function 3 months after operation. At the same time, it can accelerate the rehabilitation efficiency of patients and improve their quality of life. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of CBCT and digital guide technology in the treatment of impacted teeth Lu Ruizhi, Lu Xingwei, Xiao Wenlei, Huang Xingtai, Zhai Qianglan, Liu Chao China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (6): 635-640.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.06.015 Abstract （147）      PDF （813KB）（327）       Knowledge map    Cone beam CT (CBCT) and digital guide technology have been extensively used in impacted molar treatment, and the application has always a significant meaning for ensuring the surgical accuracy and safety. CBCT has high image resolution and 3D images and can make accurate measurement and evaluation of the tooth root, nerve, blood vessel and bone tissue structures, which is helpful to preoperative design. Digital guiding technology integrates CBCT image with intra-oral scan data to plan personalized guiding instruments for accurate guiding on the path of surgical procedure and minimizing surgical complications. In this article, we reviewed the principle and progress of CBCT and digital guiding technology and their clinical application. It covered the advantages and shortcomings of these technologies and focuses ahead on the future, such as dynamic navigation, AI-assisted treatment, and toward domestic equipment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on drugs for the prevention and treatment of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis WANG Jia-min, AN Wei, CHEN Wen-ge China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (2): 196-201.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.02.015 Abstract （456）      PDF （674KB）（304）       Knowledge map    Radiation oral mucositis is one of the most common complications of radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer. It can lead to mucosal ulceration, severe pain, eating and swallowing difficulties and other functional disorders, resulting in treatment interruption and poor curative effect. Radiation oral mucositis is currently believed to be a complex and dynamic process with multiple targets, and drug therapy targeting these targets can prevent and control the occurrence and development of mucositis. This review discussed the research progress of drugs for prevention and treatment of radiation mucositis, aiming at different targets of mucositis, including DNA damage, oxidative stress pathway, oral microbiota, epithelial proliferation, and analgesic management, which will provide references for the future research and clinical prevention and treatment of radiation oral mucositis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical evaluation of partial odontectomy for the removal of impacted third molar invading the inferior alveolar nerve canal Yan Weifeng, Chen Zhifang, Lu Luyun China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2025, 23 (4): 355-360.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.007 Abstract （253）      PDF （1182KB）（284）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the clinical efficacy of performing a second surgical extraction of impacted third molars with roots invading the inferior alveolar nerve canal after partial crown resection. METHODS: A total of 64 cases of mesially or horizontally impacted third molars with roots invading the inferior alveolar nerve canal, which were diagnosed by CBCT and treated in the Department of Oral Surgery at Hefei Stomatological Hospital West Branch from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 32 cases in each group. The experimental group underwent partial crown resection first, and then complete tooth extraction was performed 3 or 6 months later. The control group underwent routine one-time tooth extraction. The adverse reactions of the experimental group were observed during the follow-up interval after partial crown resection, and the incidence of lower alveolar nerve injury, infection and dry socket after complete tooth extraction, pain and swelling at 1, 3 and 7 days after surgery were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: After partial crown resection, only 2 patients in the experimental group experienced mild pain, 1 patient had slight swelling, and one impacted tooth developed pericoronitis after eruption. There were no pulp symptoms, and no other abnormalities were observed. After the complete extraction of tooth in both groups, the incidence of inferior alveolar nerve injury in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the degree of postoperative pain and swelling was also significantly milder than that in the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Partial odontectomy can significantly reduce the risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury, minimize surgical trauma, and result in milder postoperative reactions. It is a safer and more effective method for impacted tooth extraction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics