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20 November 2016, Volume 14 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Editorial

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Review and prospect of dentoalveolar surgery in China HU Kai-jin, XUE Yang, ZHOU Hong-zhi 2016, 14 (6):  481-489.  Abstract ( 528 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1090KB) ( 423 )   [Summary] Benjamin Hobson, a British missionary, brought modern dental technologies and ideas into China in 1839. Since then, the development of dentoalveolar surgery in China can be divided into 6 stages, including 1 stop stage, 2 rapidly developing stages and 3 slowly developing stages. From 1911 to 1936, various dental schools were established, and different journals related to dentoalveolar surgery were founded. This was the first rapidly developing stage. From 1937 to 1949, the rapid development of dentoalveolar surgery in China was forced to slow down by 12 years of war. From 1950 to 1960, a number of monographs on dentoalveolar surgery were published, while related surgical methods were innovated. This was the second rapidly developing stage. From 1961 to 1978, lack of international communication led to big gap between the level of China's scientific research and the international one. The development of dentoalveolar surgery in China was at a stage of stagnation and even backward. From 1979 to 2004, dentoalveolar surgery became a branch of oral and maxillofacial surgery, without a separated, specialized department, and most researches focused on maxillofacial surgery; as a result, dentoalveolar surgery was relatively backward. After 2005, Department of Dentoalveolar Surgery was separated from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the major dental schools, with specialists concerning primarily on dentoalveolar surgery. Dentoalveolar Surgery Group was established. No matter in clinical technology, or in clinical research and basic research, dentoalveolar surgery in China has made rapid development and progress. This is the fastest developing stage. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Orginal Article

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Co-culture of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and condylar chondrocytes induces chondrogenic differentiation SHENG Xia-han, QU Lu-yao, CAI Xie-yi 2016, 14 (6):  490-494.  Abstract ( 408 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (931KB) ( 393 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of co-culture of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and condylar chondrocytes on chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. METHODS: BMSCs and condylar chondrocytes were isolated and cultured from SD rat. Passage 2 BMSCs and chondrocytes (1.2×104/mL) were co-cultured at a ratio of 2 to 1 as co-culture group, condylar chondrocytes with same concentration and passage as experimental group, BMSCs with same concentration and passage as control group . Inverted microscope was used to observe cell morphology; CCK-8 was used to evaluate the proliferation of the cells; alcian blue staining, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) staining and quantitative analysis were used to evaluate cell differentiation; Western blot was used to detect the expression of COL2A1,COL10A1. One-way ANOVA with SPSS13.0 software package was performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The cells of co-culture group and experimental group were polygon-shaped and displayed cobble-stone morphology which were typical morphology of chondrocytes, while cells in the control group were long spindle-shaped; cell growth curve indicated cells in the co-culture group had greater proliferation ability compared with the other two groups; alcian blue and ALP staining of cells in the co-culture group and experimental group were positive ;the expression of COL2A1 and COL10A1 were significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS: BMSCs can maintain the phenotype of condylar chondrocytes and promote proliferation of chondrocytes. At the same time, condylar chondrocytes can induce BMSCs to chondrogenic differentiation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in repair of demyelination in SD rat model with trigeminal neuralgia ZHU Bing-jie, GUO Yong-feng, LI Ming-zi, ZHOU Qing 2016, 14 (6):  495-498.  Abstract ( 266 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1111KB) ( 392 )   PURPOSE: To discuss the role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in repair of demyelination in SD rat model with trigeminal neuralgia. METHODS: Thirty SD rat model with trigeminal neuralgia had been successfully established and were divided into the treatment group, control group and blank group. The rats were fixed on the rat brain locator after anesthesia. 10 μL 2% GDNF was injected in the left trigeminal nerve root in the treatment group. 10 μL normal saline solution was injected at the same area in the control group. Planetary astrocyte GFAP immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the changes of astrocytes in the treatment group 、control group and bland group. SPSS 13.0 software package was used for statistical analyzed. RESULTS: 3,7,14,21,28 days after operation, rats in the treatment group was not sensitive to pain stimulus than the control group and the blank group. Keratinocyte in the treatment group was significantly reduced compared with those in control and blank group. CONCLUSIONS: Trigeminal neuralgia is associated with nerve degeneration and demyelination. GDNF can effectively participate in the regulation of pain, and may be involved in the regulation of trigeminal neuralgia by promoting repair and regeneration of nerve fibers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The influence of maxillary sinus outer wall osteotomy on maxillary sinus mucosa function LIU Xiao-yu, BAI Xi-jing, YANG Xue-wen 2016, 14 (6):  500-504.  Abstract ( 417 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1173KB) ( 325 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of MUC5AC in maxillary sinus mucosa of rabbits after maxillary sinus outer wall osteotomy, and explore the influence of outer wall osteotomy on maxillary sinus mucosa function. METHODS: Twelve healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits receiving outer wall osteotomy were selected to establish surgical models. Maxillary vestibular groove mucosa was incised after general anesthesia. A 20 mm×2 mm bone and mucosa defect was established on the outer wall of the left maxillary sinus, which was used as experimental side. Right maxillary sinus was untreated as negative control group. All experimental animals were randomized into 3 groups and sacrificed 2, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, respectively. The morphologic change of maxillary sinus mucosa and secretion of goblet cells were examined through H-E staining and immunohistochemistry. The data were analyzed by using Graphpad Prism v5.0 software package. RESULTS: Two weeks after surgery, cilium fell off from maxillary sinus mucosa, glands destroyed and decreased in number. Mucosa cells were swollen like balloons with glands proliferation 4 week after surgery. Epithelium returned to nearly normal morphology, while the proportion of cilium cells was decreased, with irregular arrangement and abnormal morphology. Immunohistochemistry showed expression level of MUC5AC in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.001). Expression level was strongest in the 2-week group and slightly declined in the 4-week group, while weakest in the 8-week group. CONCLUSIONS: Maxillary sinus mucous secretion changed significantly after outer wall osteotomy. Tissue structures could repair partially over time, but are still different from normal structures. Minimizing sinus mucosal damage during surgery may reduce the impact on its physiological functions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of sympathetic denervation on alternation of NE/adrb3 expression and MSCs distribution in rat distraction osteogenesis model DU Zhao-jie, ZHANG Ya-bo, FU Tao, SHI Dong-yue, YANG Qing-tian 2016, 14 (6):  505-509.  Abstract ( 283 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1647KB) ( 296 )   PURPOSE: To determine the alternation of NE/adrb3, Nestin expression in rat model after sympathetic deneration during distraction osteogenesis. METHODS: According to different intervention and time point, 20 adult male SD rats were divided into 4 groups (n=5) equally. Rats in the experimental group underwent right mandible distraction osteogenesis and transection of cervical sympathetic trunk (TCST), while rats in the control group only underwent right mandible distraction osteogenesis. The right mandibles and the distraction zone specimens were harvested for immunohistochemistry assays of NE/ adrb3 expression and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) distribution at specific time point. The data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software package. RESULTS: The expression of NE was hardly found, and very weak adrb3 expression was observed around the blood vessel in TCST group, but the expression of NE and adrb3 was abundant in the control group; the Nestin+ MSCs were abundant and mainly distributed in callus matrix in TCST group, whereas that Nestin+ MSCs were mainly located adjacent to perivascular region in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: TCST depleted sympathetic mediator NE and its receptor adrb3 in distraction zone; Nestin+ MSCs have higher tendency of migration from perivascular region to callus matrix under distraction stress after TCST in vivo. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of oral propranolol on growth and development of children with infantile hemangiomas DONG Jian-yong, LI Kai, YUE Lin-lin, LI Rong-hui, HUANG Ying-ying, LIU Shao-hua 2016, 14 (6):  510-513.  Abstract ( 461 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (499KB) ( 353 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of oral propranolol on growth and development of children with infantile hemangioma(IH). METHODS: Children with IHs during Jan. 2010 and Aug. 2014 treated with surgery or oral propranolol in Qilu Hospital were recruited. The children were divided into surgery group and propranolol group. Phone calls and letters were used for investigation in December 2014. Ten indicators including weight, height (length), sitting height, head circumstance, chest circumstance, upper limber circumstance, body weight index (BMI), weight/height (length), chest/height and sitting height/height were selected to evaluate their growth and development levels. The data were analyzed based on Chinese Growth Reference Standards under 7 and WHO Child Growth Standards, and tested by age, sex and place of residence as covariates, covariance analysis. RESULTS: One hundred and eighteen cases (92 for propranolol and 26 for surgery) were included. Covariance analysis indicated significant differences of height and chest circumstance among 10 indicators between surgery and propranolol groups(P=0.038<0.05, P=0.041<0.05), and the height and chest of the propranolol were lower than those of surgery (11.11 cm and 3.25 cm) the average differences were 11.11 cm and 3.25 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term oral propranolol may lead to hypoevolutism of height and chest circumference in children with IH. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of MEG3 long non-coding RNA in tongue squamous cell carcinomas and its clinical significance LI Kong-liang, ZHANG Shan-shan, YANG Hong-yu, FANG Zheng-yu 2016, 14 (6):  514-517.  Abstract ( 391 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (495KB) ( 335 )   PURPOSE: To examine the MEG3 lncRNA expression in tongue squamous cell carcinomas (TSCC) and correlate it with patients' clinical status. METHODS: The expression of MEG3 lncRNA was examined by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR in 94 TSCC patients and paired adjacent normal tissues (ANTs), and correlated to the pathoclinical status of the patients. The data were analyzed by different methods and scatter plot was made by Graphpad software. RESULTS: The expression of MEG3 lncRNA was significantly decreased in TSCC tissues compared with ANTs (P<0.01). Expression of MEG3 lncRNA was more impaired in advanced TSCCs (Stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, P<0.01) and were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Expression of MEG3 lncRNA was attenuated in TSCCs and might correlate with cancer metastasis, which could be served as a potential biomarker of TSCC staging. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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CT analysis of cortical bone thickness surrounding anchored nail position in temporomandibular joint disc anchoring operation SUN Shou-fu, LI Hui-ping, ZHANG Shan-yong, ZHENG Ji-si, ZHEN Jin-ze, XU Wei-feng, GUO Ke, ZHONG Xiao-qi, QU Peng-yu 2016, 14 (6):  518-521.  Abstract ( 511 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (636KB) ( 864 )   PURPOSE: To measure the thickness of cortical bone on the posterior margin of mandibular condyle neck where nails were anchored, and provide reference for pullout force finite element analysis of 2 types of nails anchored on the posterior margin of condyle neck. METHODS: One hundred and sixteen adult patients (total 232 sides of condyle) who had CT examination at our hospital were randomly selected. Maxillofacial data were collected through CT and the thickness of the posterior margin of condyle neck was measured and analyzed using SPSS17.0 software package. RESULTS: The mean cortical bone thickness on 232 sides of posterior margin of condyle neck was 2.05 mm, with an average thickness of 2.04 mm for men and 2.05 mm for women. No significant difference was documented between different genders. The mean thickness of cortical bone for the age group of 20-34 years were 2.05 mm, 2.06 mm for 35-49 years, and 2.03 mm for patients over 50 years, respectively. There were significant differences except group of 20-34 years and group of 35-49 years (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study can provide a reference for pullout force of finite element model of two implanted anchor nails. The cortical bone thickness has an important impact on the anchorage stability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Digital design of conservative surgery for odontogenic cysts intruding into posterior part of maxillary sinus HU Ying-kai, YANG Chi, XU Guang-zhou, WANG Bao-li, PU Yi-ping 2016, 14 (6):  522-526.  Abstract ( 279 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1627KB) ( 342 )   PURPOSE: To present a functional surgery for odontogenic cysts intruding into maxillary sinus to preserve the sinus mucosa and alveolar bone, and plan the surgery with assistance of digital design and evaluate postoperative outcomes. METHODS: Patients with odontogenic cysts intruding into posterior part of maxillary sinus were collected from December 2011 to December 2014 Different operations were chosen according to volume and location of the lesion with assistance of digital operative design. Method Ⅰ"fenestration and bone reposition" was suitable for large lesion exceeding zygomatic alveolar ridge but without apparent bone destruction of anterior wall of the sinus, while method Ⅱ "bone removal" was applied for small lesion near zygomatic alveolar ridge. Evaluation of operation methods included anesthetic effect, bleeding, lesion removal difficulties according to operative design and operation time. The duration of pain and swelling, and the condition of free bony wall were assessed postoperatively. RESULTS: Fifteen cases adopted method Ⅰwhile 6 underwent method Ⅱ. Operations were completed in 20 minutes smoothly. Pain disappeared in 3.72 days on average, and swelling resolved in 7.67 days on average. Nasal bleeding occurred in 8 patients lasting 1 to 3 days. Suppurative inflammation was observed in 1 patient, and infection occurred after bone reposition. Other repositioned free bony wall were without resorption on CT images. CONCLUSIONS: Sinus mucosa and bony wall should be conserved. Preoperative digital design can guide osteotomy effectively during the surgery. Bone reposition is not suitable for suppurative inflammation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study of platelet- rich fibrin (PRF) combined autogenous bone in auto-dental immediate transplantation LIU Jun-ping, CHEN Fu-guang, KUANG Jian-pin 2016, 14 (6):  527-531.  Abstract ( 542 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1021KB) ( 431 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical feasibility of application of platelet-rich fibrin(PRF) combined with autogenous bone grafting in the treatment of periodontal bone defect with immediate autogenous tooth transplantation. METHODS: From January 2014 to December 2015, 130 cases of immediate autogenous tooth transplantation were randomly divided into group A, B and C according to the wishes of patients and the order of treatment. Different graft materials were filled in the bone defect. In group A, 60 patients were treated with PRF combined with autogenous bone implantation; In group B, 35 patients were implanted with PRF alone. In group C, 35 patients were treated with autogenous bone graft. The patients were followed up for 12 months, the degree of teeth loosening and imaging films after operation were taken and evaluated. SPSS 13.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: In group A, the success rate was 80% and the effective rate was 96.4%; In group B, the success rate was 51.4%, the effective rate was 80%; In group C, the success rate was 57.1%, the effective rate was 77.1%. χ2 test showed significant difference in success rate effective rate between group A and group B, group A and group C (P<0.05), but no significant difference between group B and group C (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Placement of PRF combined with autogenous bone can promote periodontal osteogenesis, which is beneficial to the stability of transplanted teeth. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A prospective randomized clinical trial of using antimicrobial agents to prevent local infection following impacted mandibular third molar extraction BAO Fu-ling, TANG Hai-kuo, LI Hong-yu, HUANG Hong-zhang 2016, 14 (6):  532-537.  Abstract ( 327 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (785KB) ( 379 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of antimicrobial agents on preventing local infection following impacted mandibular third molar extraction. METHODS: In this prospective, randomized , comparative, single-blind clinical trial, a total of 1 600 patients were randomized into 4 groups: control group (CG) with no treatment; chlorhexidine gluconate group (CHX) with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate rinse for 5 days postoperatively; amoxicillin group (AMX）with amoxicillin administration for 3 days postoperatively; chlorhexidine gluconate+amoxicillin group (CHX+AMX) with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate rinse for 5 days and amoxicillin administration for 3 days postoperatively. Postoperative complications including alveolar osteitis (AO) and surgical site infection (SSI) as well as postoperative reactions including pain,swelling and trismus were recorded 1, 3, 7 and 14 d after surgery. SPSS19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1 452 patients completed the study with 35 AO（2.41%）and 65 SSI（4.47%）. Eleven AO（3.03%）and 22 SSI（6.06%）were observed in CG group; 10 AO（2.78%）and 17 SSI（4.72%）were observed in CHX group; 8 AO（2.21%）and 15 SSI（4.14%）were observed in AMX group; 6 AO（1.63%）and 11 SSI（3.00%）were observed in CHX+AMX group. However,no significant difference was found in the rate of local infection and postoperative reactions among the four groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The application of amoxicillin and 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate can not reduce the rate of postoperative local infection after impacted mandibular third molar extraction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of risk factors of free flap crisis in 14 of 273 consecutive patients with free flap reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial defects WANG Jia, BAI Shuang, SUN Chang-fu, LIU Fa-yu, XU Zhong-fei 2016, 14 (6):  538-541.  Abstract ( 357 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (521KB) ( 300 )   PURPOSE: To investigate related risk factors of flap crisis in head and neck reconstruction, summarize experiences, and improve the success rate. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 273 free flaps for head and neck defect reconstruction from 2006 to 2015. Among those, 14 cases developed from flap crisis. The related risk factors were analyzed, and the salvage success rate within 6 h from the initial suspicion of flap crisis was assessed. SPSS 21.0 software package was employed to analyze the data. RESULTS: Risk factors such as small airway dysfunction, alcohol withdrawal reaction, overweight (BMI>25) were not related to the incidence of flap crisis (P>0.05). However, local or systemic postoperative infection was significantly related to flap crisis (P<0.01). The salvage rate of surgical exploration was 33.3% over 72 h postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Local or systemic infection was a high risk factor for free flap crisis. Greater BMI, small airway dysfunction, and alcohol withdrawal reaction were not related to free flap crisis. The later the free flap crisis occurred, the lower salvage rate. Once suspicious flap crisis occurs, even more than 72 h after operation, surgical exploration also benefits in helping to improve salvage rate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the clinical effects of 45 degree turbine drill in 64 patients with lower horizontally impacted mandibular third molar ZHANG Jie, SHEN Guo-hua, LV Xiang, WANG Xiao-ying, LI Chun-yan 2016, 14 (6):  542-544.  Abstract ( 423 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (429KB) ( 335 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of 45 degree turbine drill in the extraction of lower horizontally impacted mandibular third molar. METHODS: Sixty-four patients with lower horizontally impacted mandibular third molar were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=32). The control group underwent extraction with the traditional method of triangular flap and high speed turbine drill, while in the experimental group, the impacted tooth was completely divided with triangular gingival cutting to pull out the third molars. The surgical time and postoperative complications were recorded and compared using SPSS 20.0 software package. RESULTS: The operation time of the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05), pain, swelling, alveolalgia and limitation of mouth opening were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), postoperative bleeding was similar in 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Dividing the impacted teeth completely with triangular gingival cutting is an effective method for extraction of lower horizontally impacted mandibular third molar. It can shorten the operation time, lessen postoperative pain, swelling, gum tearing, alveolalgia and limitation of mouth opening; it is safe and reliable and worth of wide clinical application. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A clinical analysis of intermaxillary fixation screws in 173 patients with jaw fracture GAO Zhi-biao, BAI Zhen-xi, CAO Wei-jing, WANG Yuan-ming 2016, 14 (6):  545-548.  Abstract ( 641 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (509KB) ( 369 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the traction effect, complications and application strategy of intermaxillary fixation screws used in jaw fracture. METHODS: Intermaxillary fixation screws were used in 173 cases after internal fixation of jaw fracture. The traction effect, postoperative complications and application strategy were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS: In 173 patients, 122 had normal occlusion without traction, 43 had abnormal occlusion, but returned to normal after traction of 3-5 d. The total efficiency rate was 95%. The main complications were pain around the mucosa adjacent to the screws in 25 cases (14.5%), other complications, including root damage in 5 cases (2.9%), traction screw loosening in 12 cases (6.9%), fixation screw break in 7 cases (4.0%), dislocation and loosening of the teeth were seldom seen. CONCLUSIONS: Intermaxillary fixation screw is a safe and effective tool in the treatment of jaw fracture. Mastering and understanding the causes of complications and countermeasures are helpful to improve treatment efficiency and relieve pain of the patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis and treatment of 95 teenagers with mesiodens HUANG Xiao-hong, XU Liang, LIN Shan 2016, 14 (6):  549-552.  Abstract ( 418 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (551KB) ( 381 )   PURPOSE: By analyzing and summarizing the clinical features of 129 mesiodens from 95 teenagers treated in recent years, the treatment outcomes were compared to provide reference for clinical management. METHODS: The distribution of age and gender of patients, numbers, shapes and locations of mesiodens from 95 teenagers with 129 mesiodens were analyzed retrospectively. Different treatments for mesiodens were adopted at different time period: the deciduous dentition period (4-6 years), the early phase of mixed dentition period (6-9 years), the advanced phase of mixed dentition period (9-12 years) and the permanent dentition period (>12 years). The outcomes 12 months after treatment (whether the incisor needs to be corrected is used as the criterion) were evaluated. The possible pathogenesis, time and methods of treatment were explored in this paper. SPSS22.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: 57.89% mesiodens were found in the early stage of mixed dentition, the incidence in males was 2.44 times as in females. 66.32% mesiodens were single, 76.74% were cone, 55.04% were vertically impacted, 37.98% were inverted impacted. There was no significant difference between female and male. Fisher's exact test indicated no significant difference at different age group 12 months after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Removal of mesiodens at the early stage has the least impact on permanent central incisors. For those with potentials to erupt in deciduous or at the early stage of mixed dentition period, the mesiodens may be removed after observation for 3 to 6 months. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Reports

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Endoscope-assisted surgery in the treatment of odontogenic peripheral osteomyelitis of posterior mandible LI Shi-hao, HUANG Zi-xian, HUANG Zhi-quan, ZHANG Da-min, LIANG Qi-xiang, CHEN Wei-liang 2016, 14 (6):  553-556.  Abstract ( 743 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (795KB) ( 632 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the possibility of using an endoscope in the treatment of patients with odontogenic peripheral osteomyelitis of the posterior mandible (OPOPM). METHODS: Between March 2012 and September 2014, 5 consecutive patients who had been diagnosed with OPOPM were included in the study. After receiving imaging examinations and general preoperative examinations, the patients underwent endoscope-assisted surgical treatment, e.g., bone curettage and sequestrum excochleation. The data collected included the duration of the operation, complications, and patients' degree of satisfaction. RESULTS: The average duration of the operation, performed through an intraoral incision, was 45.8 min. Postoperative curative effects were retrospectively observed at 1 week, 3 months, and half a year. One patient reported postoperative swelling in the mandibular angle. The incision was minimal and did not leave any postoperative scar on the face. In total, all patients recovered free of severe complications and were satisfied with the results of the operation. CONCLUSIONS: Owing to its minimally invasive intraoral incision, endoscope-assisted surgery for the treatment of OPOPM can maintain external facial integrity without surgical scars. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Glucocorticoid combined with lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy for treating Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (phenomenon): a retrospective analysis of 16 cases WANG Ya-fei, WANG Zhong-qiang 2016, 14 (6):  557-561.  Abstract ( 366 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1373KB) ( 246 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical efficiency of glucocorticoid combined with lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy for treating Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (phenomenon, KMS, KMP). METHODS: Sixteen patients (7 males and 9 females) with KMS (KMP) admitted in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 were included in this study. The patients aged from 5 days to 20 months (median: 3 months). Eight patients showed lesion in head and neck, 6 in extremities and 2 in trunk. All patients received intravenous injection of dexamethasone (0.5-0.75 mg/kg per day) for 7 days, followed by oral prednisone (3-5 mg/kg per day) every 2 days. One month later, the dose was gradually decreased until termination. Local lesion was treated by lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy once per week with a schedule of 3-5 times in total. The size, texture, color and temperature of the lesion were monitored, and blood platelet count was performed regularly. RESULTS: The follow-up period was 6-24 months. Ten patients showed complete response after treatment, 3 showed obvious response and 3 showed disease progression. The total effective rate was 81.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Glucocorticoid combined with lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy is effective for treating KMS (KMP), which can remarkably decrease the dose and duration of corticosteroids therapy, minimized the side effects of corticosteroids. Such therapy deserves further application in clinical practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Outcomes of maxillary reconstruction after total maxillectomy using 3-D computer-assisted fabricated individual titanium mesh technique in 6 cases LIU Bing-yao, CAO Gang, DONG Zhen, CHEN Wei, Xu Jin-ke, ZHANG Sen-lin 2016, 14 (6):  562-566.  Abstract ( 400 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (2040KB) ( 291 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness and clinical outcomes of reconstruction of maxillary class Ⅲ defect using 3-D computer-assisted fabricated individual titanium mesh technique. METHODS: This retrospective study included 6 patients with maxillary class Ⅲ defect after total maxillectomy performed from May 2014 to August 2015. A 3-dimensional individualized stereo maxillary model based on mirror images of the unaffected maxilla was obtained to fabricate an anatomically adapted titanium mesh using computer-assisted design and manufacturing. The individual titanium mesh was inserted into the maxillary class Ⅲ defect after total maxillectomy. The incidence of postoperative complications was evaluated and the postoperative globe projection and orbital volume were measured. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: All patients were satisfied with their postoperative facial symmetry and did not develop diplopia or endophthalmos. The postoperative orbital volume was 26.53±0.73 mL on the affected side and 26.63±0.66 mL on the unaffected side (P=0.65), and the globe projection was 16.15±0.37 mm and 16.67±0.65 mm, respectively (P=0.07). Titanium mesh exposure was observed in 1 patient and mild limitation of mouth opening was observed in 2 patients who underwent postoperative radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Reconstruction of maxillary class Ⅲ defect with individual titanium mesh fabricated using computer-assisted techniques can achieve successful clinical outcomes, preserving orbital volume and globe projection. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review Article

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Development of alloplastic materials for temporomandibular joint prosthesis WANG Ye-xin, ZHANG Shan-yong, ZHENG Ji-si 2016, 14 (6):  567-571.  Abstract ( 411 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (612KB) ( 408 )   [Summary] Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) replacements have been rapidly developed for nearly 50 years. Development of alloplastic materials has largely promoted and led the development of temporomandibular joint prosthesis. Historically developing materials for TMJ prosthesis included gold foil, stainless steel, cobalt-chromium alloy, titanium alloy, polythene, ultra-high molecular weight polythene and, etc. This article aimed to review the improvement of alloplastic materials and analyze their advantages and disadvantages. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress in socket preservation CHIU Han-hsuan, ZHENG Ji-si, ZHANG Shan-yong 2016, 14 (6):  572-576.  Abstract ( 470 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (572KB) ( 514 )   [Summary] With the progress of oral science, dental implants have become the best choice for restoration for missing teeth. However, problems for dentists exist when there is insufficient bone for implant, due to irreversible physiological changes that occur in the alveolar bone after tooth extraction. Many investigations try to reduce or limit absorption of alveolar bone by either modifying surgical methods (eg. socket preservation) or by using a variety of biological materials, in order to achieve desired esthetic and functional restoration. This review introduced the following procedures that limit alveolar bone loss: socket preservation procedures, atraumatic extractions, bone substitutes and bio-membranes used in recent years. References | Related Articles | Metrics