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20 May 2024, Volume 22 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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CONTENTS 2024, 22 (3):  0-0.  Abstract ( 54 )   PDF (432KB) ( 42 )   Related Articles | Metrics

Original Articles

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Screening and validation of miRNAs differentially expressed by exosomes of tumor-associated macrophages in microenvironment of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma XI Qi, GAO Wan-peng, LI Huan, ZHAO Qi, WANG Jun, WEI Jian-hua, YANG Xin-jie, YANG Zi-hui 2024, 22 (3):  209-215.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.001 Abstract ( 176 )   PDF (1444KB) ( 49 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the expression patterns of exosomal miRNAs in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and analyze the potential function in progression of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). METHODS: SACC cells and macrophages were co-cultured to obtain TAMs. Exosomes of both macrophages and TAMs were isolated according to the ultracentrifugation protocol, and then the exosomes were identified using transmission electron microscope, Western blot, and nanoparticle tracking analysis(NTA). RNA-seq analysis was performed to compare the differential expression of miRNAs in TAMs-derived exosomes and the control macrophages-derived exosomes. The target genes of the differential miRNAs were predicted by miRanda and RNAhybrid database. Then GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed on the set of target genes. Assays of qRT-PCR, CCK-8, Wound healing, and Transwell were performed to validate the expression patterns and functions of TAMs-derived exosomes. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1 595 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened out, among which 15 were significantly expressed(P<0.05). Enrichment analysis showed that the target genes of TAMs-derived exosomes were mainly involved in the regulation of cancer-related signaling pathways. Results of qRT-PCR showed that TAMs-derived exosomes carried higher levels of hsa-miR-21-5p than control macrophages derived exosomes. Results of CCK-8, Wound healing, and Transwell assay showed that TAMs-derived exosomal hsa-miR-21-5p promoted proliferation, motility, migration, and invasion of SACC cells. CONCLUSIONS: TAMs-derived exosomal hsa-miR-21-5p promoted malignant progression of SACC cells. TAMs-derived exosomal miRNAs may play important roles in the progression of SACC, and may provide a potential strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of SACC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the preventive effect of lutein on traumatic temporomandibular joint ankylosis of rabbits MI Na, AN Wei, JIN Xue-mei, XIE Shuai, YAO Zhi-tao 2024, 22 (3):  216-221.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.002 Abstract ( 122 )   PDF (1435KB) ( 50 )   PURPOSE: To explore the effect of lutein on traumatic temporomandibular joint ankylosis. METHODS: Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into blank control group and lutein intervention group (experimental group). The traumatic temporomandibular joint ankylosis model was established in all experimental animals under the premise of protecting the joint capsule. Postoperatively, the experimental group was given oral lutein 10 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 4 consecutive weeks. The maximum mouth opening, body weight, histology, imaging and bone metabolism indexes were compared between the two groups. GraphPad Prism 9.4.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The body weight, mouth opening, serum osteocalcin concentration, condylar surface area and volume measured by CT in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after operation(P<0.05). Histomorphological observation showed that braid bone and new bone could be seen at the condylar stump of the two groups of experimental animals, sometimes chondrometaplasia could be seen in the fibers, occasionally granulation tissue and long-standing bleeding could be seen. The experimental group had thickening fibrous layer of the condyle, active cell proliferation, and a more pronounced cellular hierarchy. CONCLUSIONS: Lutein has certain preventive effect on traumatic temporomandibular joint ankylosis, and its mechanism of action may be related to its ability to promote bone formation and increase serum osteocalcin concentration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The analgesic effects of a lidocaine-loaded transdermal delivery system in orofacial pain WANG Ting, LUO Tao, ZHI Yan-kang, SUN Yu 2024, 22 (3):  222-227.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.003 Abstract ( 126 )   PDF (1248KB) ( 52 )   PURPOSE: To study the analgesic effect of transdermal drug delivery system loaded lidocaine in orofacial pain model. METHODS: The soluble microneedle patch loaded with lidocaine hydrochloride (Lido/MN) was prepared by microfabrication technology, and its insertion performance and transdermal release ability in vitro were measured. The analgesic effect of Lido/MN was observed in the orofacial formalin-induced pain model and capsaicin induced pain model in rats, and its biological safety was evaluated. SPSS 21.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The study demonstrated that Lido/MN exhibited a complete and smooth external morphology, excellent mechanical properties, and skin penetration capability. It could rapidly dissolve and release lidocaine intradermally, exerting a rapid onset of action and providing good local anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: The use of Lido/MN addresses the issue of slow onset of action in current lidocaine topical formulations, showing promising prospects for further research and clinical significance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and significance of histone lactylation modifications in head and neck tumors WANG Rui-jie, MA Hai-long, ZHANG Zhi-yuan 2024, 22 (3):  228-232.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.004 Abstract ( 122 )   PDF (1803KB) ( 30 )   PURPOSE: To observe the expression level of histone lactylation modification in head and neck tumors and the effect of lactic acid on the proliferative ability of tumor cells. METHODS: Multicolor immunofluorescence was applied to detect the modification levels of PKLa and histone H3K9 lactylation (H3K9La) in 69 head and neck tumor tissues with tissue microarrays, and analyze their relationship with the clinical characteristics of the patients. Changes in the modification levels of PKLa, and H3K9La were detected by protein immunoblotting technology after head and neck tumor cells were stimulated by lactic acid. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: PKLa modification levels were significantly higher in head and neck tumor tissues than in normal mucosal tissues. Analysis of clinical samples revealed that PKLa modification levels were significantly correlated with age and TNM stage(P<0.05), but not with gender, cervical lymph node metastasis, or pathological differentiation(P>0.05). Protein immunoblotting results demonstrated that histones were the main response proteins for lactylation modification in head and neck tumor cells, while lactic acid stimulation was able to increase the proliferation capacity of head and neck tumor cells. It was further determined that H3K9La modification in head and neck tumor cells had lactate-dependent up-regulation. Immunofluorescence staining also demonstrated higher levels of H3K9La in head and neck tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of histone lactate modification in head and neck tumor patients are potentially associated with head and neck tumor progression. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk factor analysis of postoperative venous thromboembolism in elderly patients with oral cancer HONG Lei, CHEN Wei-liang 2024, 22 (3):  233-238.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.005 Abstract ( 130 )   PDF (654KB) ( 39 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the risk factors of postoperative venous thromboembolism(VTE) in elderly patients with oral cancer. METHODS: Retrospective collection and evaluation of the relevant risk factors for postoperative VTE in 219 elderly patients undergoing oral cancer treatment at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from October 2016 to October 2021 were conducted. A total of 219 cases were included, and both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the risk factors for postoperative VTE in elderly oral cancer patients with SPSS 25.0 software package. RESULTS: Among the 219 patients, 55 developed VTE after surgery, accounting for 25.11%. Univariate analysis indicated that age, gender, hemoglobin(HGB), fibrinogen(FIB), D-dimer, surgical duration, and postoperative use of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) were significantly associated with postoperative VTE (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age >70 years, female gender, and surgical duration >340 min were risk factors for postoperative VTE. Prophylactic use of LMWH was found to reduce the risk of VTE. CONCLUSIONS: Patients' age and surgical duration are independent risk factors for postoperative VTE in elderly patients with oral cancer. For patients without contraindications to anticoagulation, postoperative prophylactic use of LMWH can significantly reduce the incidence of VTE. Necessary postoperative VTE prevention measures should be taken for female patients over 70 years of age with surgical durations exceeding 340 min. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison and analysis of clinical application characteristics of three-dimensional model teeth with three different materials LI Yong-qing, ZHANG Yun, HUI Shuo-yi, HUI Xiao-yong, XU Guang-jie, YANG Xia, XIAO Bo-cheng, HOU Rui 2024, 22 (3):  239-244.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.006 Abstract ( 89 )   PDF (1019KB) ( 19 )   PURPOSE: To analyze the accuracy of three-dimensional model teeth of three different materials by using oral digital impression instrument combined with Mimics 19.0 software, and compare their physical and chemical properties, economic characteristics and clinical application characteristics. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted among doctors who carried out autotransplantation of tooth to determine their understanding of different donor model materials, and then the material performance, technological performance, economy and environmental coordination of each model tooth were compared and analyzed. A total of 20 fully extracted third molars were collected, and three-dimensional teeth models of polylactic acid, photosensitive resin and cobalt-chromium alloy were made according to preoperative CBCT data. The isolated teeth and model teeth of various materials were scanned by oral digital impression instrument, and the data were best fitted and analyzed by Mimics 19.0 software. The root mean square(RMS) error was statistically analyzed to make clear the difference in accuracy. SPSS 22.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The results of questionnaire showed that 95.2% of the dentists thought that the donor tooth model was very useful and often used in autotransplantation of tooth, and 90.5% of the dentists thought that the cost of materials and non-toxic and pollution-free were the most important. There was no significant difference between the RMS values of the model teeth and the third molars of the three commonly used materials, the three kinds of materials had mature processing technology, good technological properties and good use performance, among which polylactic acid had low price, biodegradability and low operation risk, while photosensitive resin had medium price, but its manufacturing process might produce toxic substances with high operation risk. Cobalt-chromium alloy was resistant to high temperature and high pressure, but the printing cycle was relatively long and the cost was high. CONCLUSIONS: There is no significant difference in three-dimensional accuracy of polylactic acid, photosensitive resin and cobalt-chromium alloy, but combining the various characteristics of the three kinds of materials, polylactic acid has high performance-to-price ratio and is worthy of clinical application. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A modified DSS method producing more stable sclerosant foam SHI Xuan-xuan, LIU Yi-ran, SHI Liang, CHEN An-wei, WANG Tao, LIU Shao-hua 2024, 22 (3):  245-248.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.007 Abstract ( 88 )   PDF (989KB) ( 39 )   PURPOSE: To modify the classical double-syringe system (DSS) method and to make it capable of producing more stable foam. METHODS: 1% polidocanol(POL) foam was generated by DSS method and modified DSS method, respectively. In modified DSS method, one syringe was replaced by a self-made elastic gasbag. The procedure for modified DSS was as follows: drew 2 mL POL liquid and 8 mL air into the syringe; connected the syringe to a three-way tap with a fixed gasbag in a straight line; pushed the syringe plunger 20 times. The stability and uniformity of foam produced with two methods were compared using foam half-time (FHT) and optical microscopy, respectively. The change of foam volume in modified DSS method was also detected. The quality of foam produced by modified DSS method whether three-way tap was twisted was compared. GraphPad Prism 8.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS： Replacing one syringe in the DSS method with an elastic gasbag could produce more uniform foam with longer FHT, which maybe related to foam volume compression. At the same time, the foam quality could be further improved by twisting the three-way tap in modified DSS method. CONCLUSIONS： Replacing one syringe in the DSS method with an elastic gasbag could produce more stable foam. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of NR4A3 gene rearrangement and NOR-1 protein expression in salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma WANG Min, QIAN Jia-jun, XUE Jun-qing, GU Ting, HU Yu-hua, CHEN Ying, XIA Rong-hui 2024, 22 (3):  249-254.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.008 Abstract ( 110 )   PDF (1120KB) ( 26 )   PURPOSE: To explore NR4A3 gene rearrangement and NOR-1 protein expression in salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma and their value in differential diagnosis. METHODS: A total of 119 cases of salivary carcinoma diagnosed in the Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from May 2020 to January 2024 were collected, including 63 cases of acinar cell carcinoma (AciCC), 31 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), and 25 cases of secretory carcinoma (SC). Fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to detect NR4A3 gene rearrangement and NOR-1 protein expression, respectively. SPSS 18.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: AciCC mainly occurred in the major salivary glands. Compared with MEC and SC, AciCC showed significant predominance for female patients(P=0.006). The positive rates of NR4A3 gene rearrangement in AciCC, MEC, and SC were 76.2%(48/63), 0%(0/10), and 0%(0/7), respectively. The positive rates of NOR-1 protein expression in AciCC, MEC, and SC were 92.1%(58/63), 9.7%(3/31), and 0%(0/25), respectively. The results showed significant difference (P<0.001). When using NR4A3 gene rearrangement alone to diagnose AciCC, the sensitivity and specificity were 76.2% and 100%, respectively. When using NOR-1 protein expression alone to diagnose AciCC, the sensitivity and specificity were 92.1% and 94.6%, respectively. When using NR4A3 gene rearrangement and NOR-1 protein expression in combination to diagnose AciCC, the sensitivity and specificity were 96.8% and 94.6%, respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.896, indicating the optimal diagnostic value. CONCLUSIONS: AciCC is more common in female patients, with the main involved site being the major salivary gland. NR4A3 gene rearrangement is only presented in AciCC and the specificity has reached 100%, while the sensitivity is relatively low. NOR-1 protein expression detection shows good sensitivity and specificity, and can be used as a preliminary screening and alternative method for distinguishing AciCC from MEC and SC. The combination of NR4A3 gene rearrangement and NOR-1 protein expression detection has the optimal diagnostic value. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of a 3D printed jaw deviation measuring instrument and its application in the rehabilitation period of patients with jaw asymmetry YU Xi-xi, XU Zhu-feng, ZHANG Yuan-yuan, LYU Ming-ming, WANG Jin-bing, WANG Yue-ping 2024, 22 (3):  255-260.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.009 Abstract ( 103 )   PDF (983KB) ( 39 )   PURPOSE: To develop a 3D printed jaw deviation measuring instrument and preliminarily explore its application in the rehabilitation period of patients with jaw deviation. METHODS: Twenty patients with jaw deviation admitted to Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from July 2021 to December 2022 were selected and randomly divided into experimental group (n=10) and control group (n=10) using a digital randomization table. The experimental group used a 3D printed jaw deviation measuring instrument during the perioperative and rehabilitation periods, while the control group used conventional measurement methods during the perioperative and rehabilitation periods. Differences in pain, speech articulation, chewing function, and related quality of life were compared between the two groups. SPSS 24.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: At 1, 3 and 6 months after operation, pain VAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.001), bite force score and speech articulation score were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.001). The scores of Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire(OQLQ) at 1, 3 and 6 months after operation in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The 3D printed jaw deviation measuring instrument can help patients and doctors to accurately measure the degree of patients' mandibular deviation in a personalized and visual way, which can solve the cumbersome and subjective problems of traditional measurement methods. It can improve patients' pain and speech clarity, reduce the occurrence of complications, reduce clinical workload, enhance patients' confidence and behavior in rehabilitation training, beautify the appearance of patients, promote functional recovery, and improve their quality of life. It is worth promoting and using in clinical practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors and drug intervention measures for emergence agitation during photodynamic therapy in children with nevus flammeus in the maxillofacial region: an observational study ZHOU Xun, SU Lu-lu, LIU Jin-xing, ZHOU Xu-hui, QIU Lin, LI Jing-jie, ZHENG Yong-chao, LAO Wei 2024, 22 (3):  261-267.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.010 Abstract ( 100 )   PDF (907KB) ( 27 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the risk factors associated with postoperative emergence agitation(EA) in children with nevus flammeus in the maxillofacial region undergoing photodynamic therapy, and to identify optimal anesthetic interventions for efficacy. METHODS: A total of 270 children aged 2-12 years old who underwent photodynamic therapy under general anesthesia for the treatment of nevus flammeus were included. Preoperative anxiety scores of the patient and their parents, the use of anesthetics, and the degree of pain and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium(PAED) scale during the recovery period were recorded. Based on PAED score in the recovery room, children were categorized into EA group(PAED score≥12) and non-EA group(PAED score<12). Differences between the groups were then compared. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted regression analysis were performed to identify effective anesthetics intervention measures with SPSS 25.0 software package. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between EA group and non-EA group in terms of age, opioid anesthesia induction, dexmedetomidine administration, extubation time, preoperative anxiety of the children and their parents, and postoperative pain(P<0.05). After adjusting for preoperative baseline factors, logistic regression analysis showed that the induction opioid fentanyl/sufentanil(OR: 0.03, 95%CI: 0-0.16), dexmedetomidine（OR=0.56, 95%CI: 0.33-0.95）,esketamine 0.5 mg/kg(OR=0.16, 95%CI: 0.04-0.50), and 1 mg/kg(OR=0.07, 95%CI: 0.00-0.41) were the significant influencing factors for EA(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative emergence agitation during photodynamic therapy for nevus flammeus is related to age, pain, anxiety, extubation time, dexmedetomidine. The use of sufentanil for induction and esketamine(0.5-1 mg/kg) during the recovery period can effectively reduce the occurrence of EA. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of microvascular coupler in anterolateral thigh flap for repairing postoperative defects after oral malignant tumor surgery MENG Yu-xiang, SONG Kai, HE Zong-xuan, WANG Lin, GE Sheng-you, WEI Chen-ke, SHANG Wei 2024, 22 (3):  268-273.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.011 Abstract ( 113 )   PDF (859KB) ( 36 )   PURPOSE: By comparing the difference of vascular anastomosis methods in repairing oral defects after malignant tumors with anterolateral thigh flap, to analyze the effect of microvascular stapler and manual anastomosis on pulmonary infection, and to evaluate the risk factors related to pulmonary infection. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 92 patients (42 in the stapler group and 50 in the manual anastomosis group) who underwent mandibular reconstruction with anterolateral thigh flaps in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital from January 2019 to October 2022. A follow-up visit was conducted 12 months after surgery to assess the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary infection. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: In microvascular coupler group, single-vein anastomoses were performed in 28 patients, double-vein anastomoses in 11 patients and both arterie and vein anastomoses in 3 patients. Anastomoses were completed successfully using the coupler in 54 out of 56 attempted cases (96.43%), 2 microvascular couplers were abandoned because 1 had arterial spasm and 1 had anastomotic stricture leading to coupler loose during the operation. As expected, no flap failures occurred in these cases, resulting in an overall flap success rate of 100%. Compared with the manual anastomosis group, there was no significant difference in postoperative pulmonary infection rate, but there was a significant decrease trend. In addition, in the stapler group, diabetes and postoperative albumin < 30 g/L were not risk factors for pulmonary infection, but were significantly associated with smoking, age, and ACE-27 score. The use of staplers helped reduce the average length of stay from 11.1 days to 8.9 days. CONCLUSIONS: Reasonable use of vascular coupler has a high flap survival rate and a positive effect on reducing postoperative pulmonary infection and the average length of hospital stay, but more large randomized clinical trials are still needed for further research. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of polidocanol foam sclerotherapy in the treatment of head and neck venous malformations under medical and nursing collaboration ZHANG Fang, SHOU Wei-dong, LI Yan 2024, 22 (3):  274-278.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.012 Abstract ( 95 )   PDF (662KB) ( 20 )   PURPOSE: To explore the difference in therapeutic effect and injection frequency between polidocanol liquid injection and foam injection in the treatment of head and neck venous malformations under medical and nursing collaboration. METHODS: A total of 120 patients with head and neck venous malformations were treated with polidocanol sclerotherapy, of which 60 were treated with liquid injection and 60 with foam injection. All patients were classified into 4 groups respectively according to the types of venous malformations, namely, group A for typeⅠvenous malformation, group B for type Ⅱ venous malformation, group C for type Ⅲ venous malformation, and group D for type Ⅳ venous malformation. There were a total of 8 groups with 15 cases in each group. The therapeutic effect and the number of polidocanol injection were compared between each group. SPSS 23.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in therapeutic effect between two injection methods in group A and group B, and the average number of injections was reduced by 0.5 with foam compared to liquid in group A and 1.2 in group B. The therapeutic effect of foam injection was better than that of liquid injection in group C and group D, but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05), and the average number of injections was reduced by 2.7 with foam compared to liquid method in group C and 3.9 in group D. CONCLUSIONS: In the treatment of head and neck venous malformations, the therapeutic effect of foam injection is better than liquid injection for venous malformations with fast drainage. The faster the drainage of venous malformations, the greater is the reduction in average number of treatments with foam injection in relation to that with liquid injection. The reduction in the number of treatments is conducive to reducing patients’ economic burden, time consumption and incidence of adverse reactions, and thus foam injection is worth promoting and applying in clinical practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Evidence-Based Medicine

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Effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions in preventing postoperative delirium in patients with oral cancer: a systematic review WANG Shuai, HE Xing-fang, WANG Yun-jie, WU Wei-qin, HUANG Qiu-yu 2024, 22 (3):  279-286.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.013 Abstract ( 113 )   PDF (1357KB) ( 59 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological interventions in preventing postoperative delirium in patients with oral cancer, summarize the main components of non-pharmacological interventions in patients with oral cancer, and aid clinical decision-making. METHODS: The literatures on the prevention of postoperative delirium by non-pharmacological interventions in patients with oral cancer were searched in 8 Chinese and English electronic databases(Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP, China Biomedical Literature Service System). The search was conducted from inception to October 2023. The primary outcomes were the incidence and duration of postoperative delirium. Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the randomized controlled trials. Review manager 5.3 was used for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was examined by sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis was performed. RESULTS: Five randomized controlled trials with 849 participants were included. The main components of multicomponent non-pharmacological interventions included enhancement of relevant training for healthcare professionals, intensive preoperative education and familiarity with ICU environment, postoperative sleep management, pain management, music therapy, cognitive stimulation, and full participation of family members. Meta-analysis showed that non-pharmacologic intervention reduced the overall incidence of postoperative delirium in oral cancer patients[RR=0.41, 95%CI:(0.31,0.54), I2=0%], decreased the duration of postoperative delirium [MD=-38.51, 95%CI:(-46.25,-30.77),I2=88%]. Subgroup analysis showed that non-pharmacologic intervention reduced the incidence of delirium on the first postoperative day[RR=0.37, 95%CI:(0.20,0.70), I2=0%], but had non-significant improvement in the incidence of delirium on the second and third postoperative day. Non-pharmacological interventions improved assessment of postoperative agitated sedation and quality of recovery. CONCLUSIONS: The current evidence shows that non-pharmacological interventions can reduce the overall incidence and duration of postoperative delirium, and improve agitated sedation and quality of recovery in oral cancer patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review Article

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Digital technology assisted the establishment of craniomaxillofacial midsagittal plane FU Yi-jiao, TAO Le-ran, YU Hong-bo 2024, 22 (3):  287-293.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.014 Abstract ( 103 )   PDF (1090KB) ( 52 )   The midsagittal plane(MSP), defined as the sagittal plane that intersects the human body by its midline, is one of the most crucial symmetrical planes of the 3D craniomaxillofacial structure, holding huge significance in the analysis and restoration of facial symmetry. In clinic, the commonly-used method for establishing craniomaxillofacial MSPs is subject to such limitations as doctors' subjective factors, the excessive time consumption, and the lack of universal standards for the selection of anatomical landmarks. The aforementioned issues have spawned a series of studies on the establishment of craniomaxillofacial MSPs based on digital technology, indicating the great potential of digital technology in this field. This article systematically reviewed the research progress of digital technology assisted craniomaxillofacial MSP establishment, focusing on the existing research based on landmark-based method, symmetry method and deep learning method, and elaborating the further optimization of craniomaxillofacial MSP establishment by digital technology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of deubiquitinase in oral squamous cell carcinoma SUN Xiao-mei, DUAN Xiao-feng 2024, 22 (3):  294-299.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.015 Abstract ( 96 )   PDF (578KB) ( 39 )   Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in head and neck cancers. Due to the unique location of its onset, it can cause dysfunction of the oral cavity and facial damage, resulting in poor prognosis. The 5-year survival rate is still less than 50%. Its occurrence and development are regulated by multiple signaling pathways. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination are one of the key regulatory mechanisms in protein post translational modifications. More and more studies have found that deubiquitinating enzymes play an important role in the regulation of OSCC related signaling pathways. This article summarized the regulatory mechanisms of deubiquitinating enzymes in different signaling pathways of OSCC, providing a basis for the research of deubiquitinating enzymes in OSCC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on indications and applications of autogenous teeth transplantation AILIMAIERDAN Ainiwaer, WANG Ling 2024, 22 (3):  300-308.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.016 Abstract ( 182 )   PDF (941KB) ( 112 )   Autogenous teeth transplantation (ATT) is a surgical method for repairing missing teeth. Although the selection of indications for ATT is strict,with continuous development of technique in oral surgery,more and more researches have expanded the indications of ATT. This article discussed research progress in application and clinical indications of ATT reported in recent years, including ATT as an alternative to dental implants, immediate ATT into recipient sites with inflammation, application of artificial materials in cases with insufficient bone mass, the application of autogenous tooth transplantation in various oral diseases and the transplantation of different types of autogenous teeth, aiming at providing reference for clinical practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Case Reports

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A case of endoscopic-assisted removal of an maxillary low inverted impacted tooth with cyst in a child in the mixed dentition stage ZHOU Xing-an, BAI Yun-fei, ZHOU Yan-yan, SHANG Duo, SHEN Tie-bing, DELEHEI Bateer 2024, 22 (3):  309-312.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.03.017 Abstract ( 119 )   PDF (905KB) ( 76 )   In clinical practice,when extracting maxillary low impacted tooth in children in the mixed dentition stage,the traditional approach of flap elevation and bone removal can lead to potential damage to the permanent tooth germs within the maxillary bone. This damage may result in difficulties with permanent tooth eruption or secondary cyst formation. Additionally,due to the limited compliance of children,traditional surgical incisions pose challenges for postoperative oral and wound care, increasing the risk of postoperative infections and complications. Compared to the traditional tooth extraction method, endoscopic-assisted removal of maxillary low impacted tooth in children in the mixed dentition stage offers enhanced safety and efficiency. Moreover, it facilitates easier postoperative care, effectively reducing the risk of postoperative infections. In this paper, we reported a case of endoscopic-assisted removal of an maxillary low inverted impacted tooth with a cyst in a child in the mixed dentition stage, which was jointly performed by the Department of Stomatology, and the Department of Otolaryngology in our hospital. Based on existing literature, the related advantages, operation points and application of nasal endoscope in other oral surgery were summarized. References | Related Articles | Metrics