Advances in the study of venous malformations complicated with localized intravascular coagulation

doi:10.19438/j.cjoms.2026.01.014

Abstract

Abstract: Venous malformations(VMs) are congenital low-flow vascular anomalies associated with consumptive coagulopathy, characterized by elevated D-dimer and decreased fibrinogen levels, termed localized intravascular coagulation (LIC). Patients with LIC may present with localized swelling and pain. In rare cases, LIC can progress to severe coagulopathic complications, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC). This article provided a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, diagnosis, and treatment of VMs complicated by LIC, aiming to support clinical decision-making in this patient population.

Key words: Venous malformation, Coagulopathy, Localized intravascular coagulation, D-dimer, Fibrinogen

CLC Number:

Wang Zilu, Wang deming, Su lixin, Fan Xindong. Advances in the study of venous malformations complicated with localized intravascular coagulation[J]. China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2026, 24(1): 89-95.

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