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20 July 2025, Volume 23 Issue 4 Previous Issue   

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Newly revised ISSVA classification for vascular anomalies(2025 version) and interpretation Du Zhong, Zheng Jiawei, Wang Yan'an 2025, 23 (4):  313-317.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.001 Abstract ( 10 )   PDF (1054KB) ( 6 )   Vascular anomalies can be primarily categorized into two major groups: vascular tumors and vascular malformations. In 1982, Mulliken and Glowacki proposed a revolutionary biological classification. Specifically, based on the proliferation characteristics of endothelial cells, these anomalies were differentiated into "hemangiomas" and "vascular malformations". In 1996, this classification system was adopted by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) as the standard classification, and has been undergoing continuous refinement up to the present. In May 2025, the latest ISSVA World Congress was convened in Paris. The 2018 classification system, which is currently in wide use, was further optimized. A substantial number of structural and detailed adjustments were made, rendering the new classification system more streamlined. Consequently, its usability has been remarkably enhanced. This evolution of the ISSVA classification mirrors the deepening of the understanding from the morphological level to the molecular mechanism level. Every update holds milestone significance for the standardization of the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases globally. This paper aimed to introduce and interpret the newly revised ISSVA classification (2025 version), providing a reference for clinical practice, scientific research, and academic exchanges. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Original Articles

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In vitro and in vivo study on the structural regulation of porous hydrogels and promoting angiogenic regeneration Duan Shuhan, Wang Jiajia, Wang Shaoyi 2025, 23 (4):  318-324.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.002 Abstract ( 17 )   PDF (2356KB) ( 14 )   PURPOSE: To develop a highly porous hydrogel microsphere scaffold based on aqueous biphasic separation technology, aimed at enhancing its angiogenic potential in both in vitro and in vivo environments. METHODS: Porous hydrogels were prepared through phase separation. The porous structure was observed using confocal microscopy, and the microscopic pore structure of the material was examined using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The mechanical strength of the material and the thermal stability of the hydrogel were measured. Porous hydrogel microspheres were fabricated using microfluidic technology. In vitro tests were performed to assess the biocompatibility and angiogenesis-promoting ability of the material. The porous hydrogel microspheres were implanted subcutaneously in mice, and histological staining was conducted to observe biocompatibility and vascular formation. RESULTS: A porous hydrogel system was successfully constructed. Confocal and SEM confirmed that after crosslinking of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), the selective removal of sodium alginate(SA) phase formed a network of interconnected pores, exhibiting the ability to bear stress and stability. CCK-8 assay and live/dead staining results demonstrated that the material exhibited excellent biocompatibility. The GelMA/SA material extract significantly promoted the formation of tubular structures in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs). Subcutaneous implantation in mice showed that the porous hydrogel facilitated tissue ingrowth and localized angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: The phase separation-engineered porous hydrogel microsphere system, combining continuous pore structure and angiogenesis-promoting effects, provides a novel scaffold material for tissue engineering and regenerative repair. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The inhibitory effect of antibacterial peptides on osteoblast apoptosis induced by TNF-α Xie Limin, Liu Ying, Wang Ru, Liu Dandan, Li Youkun, Zhou Dongsheng, Yang Desheng, Li Xifeng 2025, 23 (4):  325-330.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.003 Abstract ( 14 )   PDF (2093KB) ( 9 )   PURPOSE: To explore the inhibitory effect of antimicrobial peptides on osteoblast apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α). METHODS: Osteoblasts were divided into MEM control group, antimicrobial peptide group, TNF-α group, and TNF-α+ antimicrobial peptide group. After 1 day of osteoblast culture, the antimicrobial peptide group was added with a final concentration of 20 μg/mL of antimicrobial peptide. The TNF-α group and the TNF-α + antimicrobial peptide group were induced with 50 ng/mL TNF-α for 1 day. Then, the TNF-α + antimicrobial peptide group was added with a final concentration of 20 μg/mL of antimicrobial peptide and continued to be cultured for 1 day. Apoptosis of cells was detected by flow cytometry. Cell migration ability was detected by scratch assay at 1, 2, 3 and 4 days of culture. Alkaline phosphatase activity was detected at 4 days of culture. Osteogenic ability was detected by alizarin red staining at 21 days of culture. Cells were continuously passaged three times, and the morphology of osteoblasts was observed under microscope. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: In TNF-α group, the shape of osteocytes was irregular, the number of apoptotic cells increased, the migration of osteocytes was slow, the amount of calcium nodules decreased, the activity of alkaline phosphatase decreased, the apoptosis of osteocytes increased and the shape changed during cell passage. The MEM control group, the antimicrobial peptide group and the TNF-α+ antimicrobial peptide group had no change on the morphology, apoptosis, migration, calcium nodules, alkaline phosphatase activity and cell passage of osteoblasts. CONCLUSIONS: Osteoblast apoptosis can be induced by TNF-α, and the osteoblast apoptosis induced by TNF-α can be inhibited by antibacterial peptide. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect and mechanism of USP20 on the malignant biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma through NF-κB signaling pathway Liu Bo, Zhai Xiaoqi, Liu Yulu, Wang Sidan, Guan Jian 2025, 23 (4):  331-339.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.004 Abstract ( 12 )   PDF (2706KB) ( 6 )   PURPOSE: To explore the effects and mechanisms of ubiquitin specific protease 20(USP20) on the malignant biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) through the nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signaling pathway. METHODS: The expression of USP20 in OSCC tissues was studied by bioinformatics analysis, Western blot assay and immunohistochemical staining. The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) database was used to explore the correlation between USP20 and OSCC clinicopathological indicators. Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL-27 cells with stable and lower expression of USP20 were constructed to investigate the effect of USP20 on the malignant biological behavior of OSCC through in vivo and in vitro experiments. The potential mechanism of USP20 affecting OSCC was explored through high-throughput RNA sequencing, combined with quantitative analysis of sequencing results and protein Western blot. RESULTS: USP20 was overexpressed in OSCC tissues. Knockdown of USP20 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of CAL-27 cells in vitro, and inhibited the growth of CAL-27 cell xenograft tumors. Knockdown of USP20 could inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway in CAL-27 cells and inhibit the malignant behavior of tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: USP20 is overexpressed in OSCC and promotes the growth and metastasis of OSCC through NF-κB signaling pathway. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The expression and correlation of NLK and PTEN in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma Wu Guohao, Fu Bo, Zhang Di, Li Jun, Xu Kai, Li Keyi, Zhang Dongyan 2025, 23 (4):  340-346.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.005 Abstract ( 10 )   PDF (1765KB) ( 9 )   PURPOSE: To examine the expression levels of Nemo-like kinase (NLK) and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and to assess the association between their expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of HNSCC patients, as well as the interrelationship between NLK and PTEN. METHODS: Gene expression data and clinical information for HNSCC patients were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Data processing was performed using the R programming language and Bioconductor packages, with data analysis facilitated by online platforms. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect NLK and PTEN expression in 32 HNSCC specimens to validate their correlation. RESULTS: The analysis of 520 cases collected from TCGA database showed that the expression of NLK and PTEN in HNSCC was significantly changed, and there were significant differences in gender, clinical stage, T stage, N stage and HPV infection cohort. In HNSCC of different sites, the expression of NLK and PTEN was also different. In addition, both the immunohistochemical results and the TCGA data analysis showed a negative correlation in the expression levels of NLK and PTEN. CONCLUSIONS: NLK and PTEN exhibit differential expression across HNSCC cohorts with distinct clinicopathological features, and their expression levels are inversely correlated. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of placental protein 11 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance Alafati Heyasiding, An Wei, Janaer Tuergenbieke, Jin Xuemei, Guo Sha, Yao Zhitao 2025, 23 (4):  347-354.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.006 Abstract ( 13 )   PDF (1832KB) ( 9 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of placental protein 11 (ENDOU) in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). METHODS: The expression of ENDOU in tumor tissues and normal tissues was comparatively analyzed through the TCGA database, and the correlation between ENDOU expression and clinical parameters was explored. Subsequently, the expression of ENDOU in 20 cases of primary OSCC and corresponding adjacent tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The ENDOU overexpressing human OSCC cell line SCC-25 was constructed. Furthermore, the effects of ENDOU on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of OSCC cells were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry apoptosis assay, and Transwell cell invasion assay. RESULTS: Bioanalytical results indicated that the expression of the ENDOU gene in OSCC was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues(P<0.05); there was significant difference in the expression of the ENDOU gene among different T stages and clinical stages of primary tumors(P<0.05), and the expression was significantly lower in cervical lymph node metastasis group than in the non-metastasis group(P<0.05). Immunohistochemical experiments showed that the expression level of ENDOU in OSCC tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.05); overexpression of ENDOU could inhibit the proliferation and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Downregulation of EDNOU expression in OSCC may play an important role in tumor formation and development, and is expected to serve as a tumor biomarker for OSCC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical evaluation of partial odontectomy for the removal of impacted third molar invading the inferior alveolar nerve canal Yan Weifeng, Chen Zhifang, Lu Luyun 2025, 23 (4):  355-360.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.007 Abstract ( 17 )   PDF (1182KB) ( 14 )   PURPOSE: To explore the clinical efficacy of performing a second surgical extraction of impacted third molars with roots invading the inferior alveolar nerve canal after partial crown resection. METHODS: A total of 64 cases of mesially or horizontally impacted third molars with roots invading the inferior alveolar nerve canal, which were diagnosed by CBCT and treated in the Department of Oral Surgery at Hefei Stomatological Hospital West Branch from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 32 cases in each group. The experimental group underwent partial crown resection first, and then complete tooth extraction was performed 3 or 6 months later. The control group underwent routine one-time tooth extraction. The adverse reactions of the experimental group were observed during the follow-up interval after partial crown resection, and the incidence of lower alveolar nerve injury, infection and dry socket after complete tooth extraction, pain and swelling at 1, 3 and 7 days after surgery were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: After partial crown resection, only 2 patients in the experimental group experienced mild pain, 1 patient had slight swelling, and one impacted tooth developed pericoronitis after eruption. There were no pulp symptoms, and no other abnormalities were observed. After the complete extraction of tooth in both groups, the incidence of inferior alveolar nerve injury in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the degree of postoperative pain and swelling was also significantly milder than that in the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Partial odontectomy can significantly reduce the risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury, minimize surgical trauma, and result in milder postoperative reactions. It is a safer and more effective method for impacted tooth extraction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of the value of GNAS mutation analysis based on whole exome sequencing in the differential diagnosis between fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma Wang Chenrui, Li Yan, Li Jiang, Zhang Zhiyuan 2025, 23 (4):  361-368.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.008 Abstract ( 14 )   PDF (1357KB) ( 9 )   PURPOSE: To determine the frequency of GNAS mutations in fibrous dysplasia (FD) by two methods and to obtain the mutation rate of GNAS in ossifying fibroma(OF) through literature review, providing a new approach for their differential diagnosis. METHODS: Paraffin tissue samples from 20 FD patients were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted. GNAS gene mutations in the affected bone tissues were detected by whole exome sequencing(WES) and verified by Sanger sequencing. The detection rate of GNAS in OF was determined through literature review. The mutation status of GNAS in FD and OF was compared. RESULTS: GNAS mutations were detected in 19 out of 20 FD patients (95%), while no GNAS mutations were found in the 45 OF lesions obtained from literature review. A difficult case with overlapping clinical and pathological features that was difficult to distinguish FD or OF based on routine clinical and pathological examination alone was reported. Through GNAS testing, this case was found to carry the characteristic R201C mutation, thus assisting in the diagnosis of FD. CONCLUSIONS: Both WES and Sanger sequencing for GNAS mutations can assist in the differential diagnosis of FD and OF. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the effectiveness of "Internet +" remote rehabilitation based on a four-dimensional innovation model for shoulder and neck recovery in oral cancer patients after selective neck dissection Wang Jia, Li Yijun, Zhang Xujie, Liu Fayu, Sun Changfu, Dai Hongliang 2025, 23 (4):  369-376.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.009 Abstract ( 12 )   PDF (940KB) ( 6 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the improvement of shoulder and neck function in postoperative oral cancer patients using an "Internet +" remote rehabilitation model based on a four-dimensional innovation model. METHODS: A total of 61 patients who underwent oral cancer surgery in Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University from July to October 2024 were selected and divided into control group (n=31) and experimental group (n=30) by random number table method. The control group received standard postoperative rehabilitation, including instructional manuals and exercise videos, to ensure proper rehabilitation training and precautions after discharge. Rehabilitation physicians assessed outcomes and provided guidance during follow-up visits. The experimental group adopted the "Internet +" remote rehabilitation model based on a four-dimensional innovation framework. The patients were instructed to download a rehabilitation follow-up app, which provided daily exercise reminders. Patients logged their completed exercises and periodically recorded rehabilitation videos. Rehabilitation physicians remotely evaluated and guided patients based on the submitted videos. Shoulder and neck function were assessed using the Constant-Murley Shoulder Score, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and Neck Dissection Impairment Index(NDII) at preoperative, 10-day, 1-month, and 3-month postoperative intervals. RESULTS: There was no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups(P>0.05). Generalized estimating equation analysis showed that there was significant difference in neck function between the two groups in the NDII scale (P<0.05). The score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 3 months after surgery(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups at 10 days and 1 month after surgery. For SPADI, between-group differences were observed in shoulder dysfunction (P<0.05), with the experimental group showing higher scores at 1 month (P<0.05), but no significant differences at 10 days or 3 months. Pain scores did not differ between groups or across time points (P>0.05). Additionally, Constant-Murley Score demonstrated that the experimental group had higher total scores, daily activity function, range of motion, and strength (P<0.05), with all subscales significantly higher at 1 month (P<0.05), but no differences at 10 days or 3 months. Similarly, pain scores in this scale showed no significant differences(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with traditional rehabilitation methods, the application of "Internet +" remote rehabilitation based on the four-dimensional innovative model can significantly improve the shoulder function of patients after selective neck dissection for oral cancer 1 month after operation, and neck function 3 months after operation. At the same time, it can accelerate the rehabilitation efficiency of patients and improve their quality of life. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of risk factors for nasal bleeding associated with nasal endotracheal intubation and evaluation of the role of cranial imaging in risk prediction Fan Hao, Zhu Yuhang, Zhou Ren, Wang Yuxing 2025, 23 (4):  377-383.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.010 Abstract ( 11 )   PDF (820KB) ( 7 )   PURPOSE: To analyze the risk factors associated with nasal bleeding during nasal tracheal intubation and to explore the role of cranial imaging data in predicting the risk of nasal bleeding, in order to optimize nasal tracheal intubation strategies. METHODS: A total of 614 patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial surgery through nasotracheal intubation in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June 2020 to December 2021 were selected. The patients were divided into a positive nasal bleeding group and a negative nasal bleeding group according to whether they had nasal bleeding. Preoperative baseline data, intubation-related information, and cranial imaging data were collected to analyze the risk factors for nasal bleeding and to explore the application value of cranial imaging in risk prediction. RESULTS: A total of 614 patients were included, with 113 in the positive nasal bleeding group and 501 in the negative group. Male patients had a higher risk of nasal bleeding than female patients, and increased age and body mass index also elevated the risk of nasal bleeding. Histories of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, as well as smoking and alcohol abuse, were significantly more prevalent in the positive nasal bleeding group compared to the negative group. The mean nasal tube insertion time and nasal intubation resistance were significantly higher in the positive nasal bleeding group. Cranial CT scans revealed a significant correlation between nasal septal deviation values and the occurrence of nasal bleeding, particularly the maximum septal deviation value in the coronal plane and the maximum deviation site in the cross-sectional plane. The prediction models based on the maximum deviation values in the cross-sectional and coronal planes showed areas under the curve of 0.704 and 0.742, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Age, nasal intubation time, the maximum deviation value in coronal plane, radiotherapy and chemotherapy history, nasal intubation resistance, the maximum deviation of nasal septum in transverse section, and the maximum deviation of nasal septum in coronal plane are independent risk factors for nasal tracheal intubation related epistaxis. Cranial CT imaging parameters have application value in predicting the risk of nasal bleeding. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors of sleep disorder and its correlation with quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors Hao Guihua, Yang Ying, Yang Jiebin, Shi Wentao, Shen Chaoqun, Hou lili, Zhao Xiaomei 2025, 23 (4):  384-389.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.011 Abstract ( 11 )   PDF (806KB) ( 6 )   PURPOSE: To explore the influencing factors of sleep disorder in newly diagnosed patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors, and analyze the correlation between sleep disorder and quality of life. METHODS: A total of 217 newly diagnosed patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck cancer in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from May 2023 to April 2024 were investigated by questionnaires, including socioeconomic and disease data questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS), Head and Neck Cancer Quality of Life Scale. The patients were divided into sleep disorder group and normal group according to whether they had sleep disorder. Univariate analysis and logistic multivariate analysis were used to explore the related factors affecting sleep in patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between sleep disorder and quality of life. RESULTS: Of the 217 patients, totally 186 had sleep disorder (85.7%). Logistic regression analysis showed that monthly family income (OR: 3.707, 95%CI: 1.085-12.666, P<0.05) and anxiety and depression score (OR: 1.180, 95%CI: 1.082-1.288, P<0.05) were independent risk factors for sleep disorders. There was no significant difference in daytime sleepiness between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis showed that sleep quality was positively correlated with quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors(r=0.359, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of sleep disorders in patients with primary diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors is high and there are a number of factors that lead to the patients' poor quality of sleep, which need to be strengthened with interventions in order to improve the patients' sleep situation and the patients' quality of life. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors of hypoxemia during general anesthesia recovery after oral and maxillofacial surgery Hu Yinqing, Wang Yuan, Tan Yun, Fei Juan, Wang Ye 2025, 23 (4):  390-394.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.012 Abstract ( 10 )   PDF (717KB) ( 5 )   PURPOSE: To explore the influencing factors of hypoxemia during the anesthesia recovery period in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study design was adopted. A total of 1 417 patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery who were monitored in the post-anesthetic care unit of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2024 to December 2024 were included. According to the occurrence of hypoxemia during the anesthesia recovery period, they were divided into the hypoxemia group(n=61, SpO2 < 90% or PaO2 < 60 mmHg) and the normal control group (n=1 356). Univariate analysis of variance and multivariate logistic regression models were used to screen the independent predictors of hypoxemia during the anesthesia recovery period, and a risk warning index system was constructed. RESULTS: The overall incidence of hypoxemia was 4.30% (61/1 417). Multivariate analysis revealed that ASA classification ≥Ⅲ(OR=6.61, 95%CI: 4.12-10.58), comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (OR=5.93, 95%CI: 3.82-9.17), and ≥3 postoperative airway suction episodes (OR=3.35, 95%CI: 2.24-5.01) served as independent risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of hypoxemia during the anesthesia recovery period in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery is significantly associated with ASA classification, coexisting OSA status, and airway management operations. It is recommended to implement a multimodal recovery plan based on risk stratification, optimize perioperative respiratory function monitoring, and formulate individualized airway management nursing strategies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of maxillary sinus lift technique combined with PRF in immediate autogenous tooth transplantation during extraction Sha Sha, Liu Junping 2025, 23 (4):  395-400.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.013 Abstract ( 14 )   PDF (1143KB) ( 9 )   PURPOSE: To observe the effect of internal maxillary sinus lift combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in immediate autotransplantation during tooth extraction. METHODS: A total of 37 patients (40 teeth) with maxillary molar loss admitted to Shenzhen Samii Medical Center from January 2019 to October 2023 were selected. All patients received maxillary sinus lift combined with PRF in immediate autogenous tooth transplantation during extraction with wisdom teeth as donor teeth. The patients were followed up for 1 to 5 years. The success rate of autotransplantation was calculated according to the clinical and imaging examination results. RESULTS: The success rate of 40 transplanted teeth within 1 to 5 years was 100%. The transplanted teeth presented no loosening, no percussion pain, no formation of deep periodontal pockets, and no self-perceived discomfort, and were capable of exercising normal functions. The imaging results demonstrated that periodontal ligament healing was observed around the transplanted teeth and the surrounding alveolar bone, with no signs of root resorption. A hard bone plate image was visible at the edge of the alveolar bone, and bone formation occurred between the root of the transplanted tooth and the floor of the maxillary sinus. CONCLUSIONS: Internal maxillary sinus lift combined with PRF is feasible in immediate autologous tooth transplantation during tooth extraction, and the success rate of autologous teeth is favorable. This procedure expands the indications for autologous tooth transplantation in the posterior maxillary teeth. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Evidence-Based Medicine

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Influencing factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgery patients: a meta-analysis Jiang Meiping, Wang Zengxiang, Wu Ying, Li Ting, Huang Qian 2025, 23 (4):  401-405.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.014 Abstract ( 9 )   PDF (892KB) ( 6 )   PURPOSE: To explore the influencing factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) in orthognathic patients. METHODS: CNKI, Wanfang Database, Weipu.com, China Biomedical Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase and SpringerLink databases were searched to find relevant studies on the analysis of PONV influencing factors in orthognathus patients. The data were analyzed by RevMan5.3 software, the results of heterogeneity test were analyzed by fixed effects model or random effects model, and sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation were also conducted. RESULTS: A total of 7 literatures were included, with a total of 2280 subjects. The combined OR values of four factors were significant. The results showed gender [OR=1.62, 95%CI(1.12,2.33)], type of surgery [OR=1.77, 95%CI(1.41,2.22)], postoperative opioid use [OR=1.99, 95%CI(1.19,3.33)], PONV history [OR=2.98, 95%CI(1.66,5.35)] was the influencing factor of PONV in orthognathic patients. CONCLUSIONS: Female, bimaxillary orthognathic surgery, postoperative opioid use, and history of PONV were risk factors for orthognathic patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review Articles

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Application progress of artificial intelligence in diagnosis and treatment of oral genetic diseases Gu Anqi, Zhang Chen, Tao Baoxin, Wu Yiqun, Zhou Wenjie 2025, 23 (4):  406-415.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.015 Abstract ( 18 )   PDF (1365KB) ( 11 )   Rare condition, scattered cases, complex etiology and clinical features, inadequate diagnostic criteria and methods and other reasons lead to the serious lack of accessibility for early diagnosis and treatment of oral genetic diseases. Artificial intelligence(AI) is expected to make breakthroughs in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and basic research of oral genetic diseases due to its unique advantages in feature extraction, variant recognition, classification, typing and outcome prediction of large and complex data sets. Many studies have identified and processed patients' medical records, photos, radiographic images, key genes or transcriptome, biomarkers and other data through AI models or software to assist the diagnosis, treatment and research of various oral genetic diseases. Based on the literature evidence, this article reviewed and summarized the application of AI in teeth, periodontal tissues, oral mucosa, orofacial clefts related genetic diseases and other oral genetic diseases that cause craniofacial malformations. The future development of this field was also prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Case Reports

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A case report of mandibular osteonecrosis caused by herpes zoster virus infection of trigeminal nerve Xiao Tingying, Chen Zhen, Xing Zhankui 2025, 23 (4):  416-420.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.016 Abstract ( 18 )   PDF (1612KB) ( 11 )   The incidence of mandibular osteonecrosis caused by herpes zoster infection of maxillofacial trigeminal nerve is low. This article reported a rare case of massive mandibular necrosis with pathological fracture caused by herpes zoster virus infection. The mandibular sequestrum was resected and the defect was repaired with fibular flap. Patients with herpes zoster virus in maxillofacial region should be treated as soon as possible to avoid complications such as osteonecrosis of the jaw. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Stafne bone cavity: report of 2 cases and literature review Ge Yaping, Luo Yalan, Liu Xiangzhen, Chen Jieyu, Zhang Min, She Yangyang 2025, 23 (4):  421-424.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.04.017 Abstract ( 11 )   PDF (1370KB) ( 41 )   Stafne bone cavity(SBC), also known as the static bone cavity, is a rare and non-progressive defect in the lingual side of the mandible. Clinically, patients with SBC are usually asymptomatic. This paper reported two cases of SBCs in the posterior part of the unilateral mandible and discussed its etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis in combination with relevant literature. References | Related Articles | Metrics