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20 June 2016, Volume 14 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Editorial

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Combined treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis and secondary dentofacial deformities ZHU Song-song, HU Jing. 2016, 14 (3):  193-197.  Abstract ( 532 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (589KB) ( 427 )   Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis with secondary dentofacial deformities is a severely disfiguring condition and surgical treatment remains a great clinical challenge. The treatment goals are to restore the joint function, to improve facial appearances and to correct malocclusion, as well as to re-establish balance among them. Currently, various surgical techniques, such as arthroplasty with or without interpositional materials, orthognathic surgery, distraction osteogenesis and plastic surgery, have been proposed in the literature. The greatest difficulty for most clinicians is how to determine the proper sequence of these procedures because no uniform treatment protocol has been established. This review summarized current surgical procedures and discussed some factors involved in the treatment of TMJ ankylosis with dentofacial deformities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Original Articles

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Establishing a method for composing sectional models into a complete dental cast by computer registration FU Lin, CONG Bing-feng, XIE Rui, WU Qin, BAI Shi-zhu, LIU Yan-pu 2016, 14 (3):  198-202.  Abstract ( 278 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1345KB) ( 294 )   PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to get some sections of a dental cast in the mouth and combine them through computer to get the whole image of the dental cast, then test the accuracy and feasibility of the new method. METHODS: The bite tray impressions of the sections of 10 dental casts were obtained and the impressions were scanned by computer. All the digital image data from three-dimensional optical scanning of a dental cast were combined to get the whole image of the dental cast. The image was used to compare with the dental cast to determine the accuracy. The data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software package. RESULTS: The new method to get the whole image of the dental cast by combining the 3D-scanned digital image data through computer was successfully established. By comparing the combined model with initial model, the smallest error observed was (0.046±0.055) mm and the biggest error observed was (0.032±0.115) mm. No significant difference between 3 methods was observed (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The accuracy of dental cast can be obtained by combination of the images of sections of the dental cast through computer. This method can solve the problem in patients who have restriction of mouth opening and difficulty to get the whole dental cast. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Yes-associated protein overexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and association with tumor cell migration and invasion ZHOU Rong, SHI Chao-ji, HAN Yong, TAO Wen-jie, LI Jiang, SUN Shu-yang, ZHANG Lei, ZHANG Zhi-yuan 2016, 14 (3):  203-208.  Abstract ( 573 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1524KB) ( 392 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of YAP (Yes-associated protein) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and determine if YAP was associated with tumor cell invasion and migration. METHODS: Sixty-eight primary OSCC patients were enrolled in this study. YAP expression in tissue specimens was investigated by immunohistochemistry staining. YAP putback plasmid with specific mutation sites after YAP-shRNA interference was constructed by site-directed mutagenesis. Cell scratch and cell invasion assay were performed after YAP-siRNA interference or YAP putback again in TB2T4 and SCC23 cells. The data was analyzed using SPSS18.0 software package. RESULTS: Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of YAP was increased in primary OSCC tissue samples (P<0.05). Nuclear expression of YAP was associated with cervical lymph node metastasis (P<0.001) and 5-year overall survival rate (P=0.008). YAP knockdown greatly suppressed tumor cell migration and cell invasion both in TB2T4 and SCC23 cells (Scramble vs YAP-shRNA, P<0.01), but these abilities were rescued subtotally when YAP was put back to the YAP-shRNA stable cells (Control vs YAP putback, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: YAP expression in OSCC was associated with cervical lymph node metastasis and YAP might play an essential role on the invasion ability of OSCC cells. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of bone quality on implant stability after maxillary sinus augmentation: A 3-D finite element analysis MA Meng, SHEN Hong-zhou, HUANG Sheng-yun, ZUO Shu-yu, ZHANG Shi-zhou, ZHANG Dong-sheng 2016, 14 (3):  209-212.  Abstract ( 344 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (657KB) ( 449 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of bone quality on implant stability. METHODS: Simplified posterior maxillary segment models were established and classified them into three types of bone quality: D2, D3 and D4. Each type of maxilla was treated with or without bone grafts. The implant was assembled into the maxilla. An oblique force of 150 N was applied to the central node in the top surface of implant. The stress distribution pattern of surrounding bone was analyzed by 3-D finite element method. RESULTS: The stress was mainly concentrated on the cortical bone around the implant neck. The magnitude of stress in surrounding bone increased following the deterioration of bone quality and decreased with the help of grafts. CONCLUSIONS: Bone quality was closely related to the magnitude of stress in bone tissue and bone graft can improve the overload caused by poor bone quality. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of simvastatin on proliferation and apoptosis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma SACC-83 cells and survivin expression CAI Wen-yan, YAN Fei, DONG Jing, SUN Jin-hu 2016, 14 (3):  213-217.  Abstract ( 322 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1004KB) ( 338 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of simvastatin on proliferation, apoptosis and expression of survivin in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma SACC-83 cells. METHODS: SACC-83 cells were cultured in vitro and exposed to different concentrations of simvastatin (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 μmol/L) for 24h and 48h, respectively. Cell survival rate was calculated with CCK-8 assay and the OD values were calculated. Colony formation of SACC-83 cells was observed following a 10-day of exposure to different concentrations of simvastatin. The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry following annexin-V/Pl staining. At the same time, expression of survivin protein was quantitatively analyzed by Western blotting. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and repeated measurement design using SPSS 13.0 software package. RESULTS: At the concentration of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 μmol/L, CCK-8 method showed that simvastatin could inhibit the proliferation of SACC-83 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After treatment with simvastatin for 48 h, the IC50 value was 26.27 μmol/L. Simvastatin significantly suppressed the colonization of SACC-83 cell in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry indicated that simvastatin over 10μmol/L increased the cell populations of both the early apoptotic and late apoptotic cells in a dose dependent manner. Simvastatin at 10, 30 and 50 μmol/L resulted in apoptotic percentages of (21.43±5.43)%, (42.8±10.08)%, and (67.97±12.5)%, respectively at 48h of exposure. In addition, simvastatin down-regulated survivin in SACC-83 cells whereas survivin was over-expressed in the untreated SACC-83 cells. The difference was significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Simvastatin can significantly inhibit proliferation of SACC-83 cells and induce apoptosis, as indicated by lower-expression of survivin, which suggests that survivin might serve as a novel target in the therapy for salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An experimental study of IMRLG enhanced by dextran-DTPA-Gd in detecting metastatic and reactively hyperplastic cervical lymph nodes GAO Qian-qian, FENG Yuan-yong, LIU Shi-en, WAN Sheng-biao, JIANG Tao, SHANG Wei 2016, 14 (3):  218-222.  Abstract ( 974 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1486KB) ( 389 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the characteristics of metastatic and reactively hyperplastic lymph nodes in interstitial magnetic resonance lymphography enhanced by dextran-DTPA-Gd. METHODS: Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 2 groups at random：reactive hyperplasia group and tumor group. 0.2 mL dextran-DTPA-Gd was injected into the bilateral submucosa of the tongue in 12 New Zealand rabbits. Then the MR images by using 3-D enhancement magnetic resonance lymphography at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60 mins and 4, 24 h after injection were obtained. The signal intensities after enhancing were measured to calculate the enhanced rates (E%) of lymph nodes at the same time and the signal enhancing rates-time curve was drawn. The images were analyzed with pathological results.The data were analysed using SPSS17.0 software package. RESULTS: The signal of the tumor group reached a peak after 45 min with E% of 289% and the signal of reactive hyperplasia group reached a peak after 30 min with E% of 367%. The difference of enhancing rates between the metastatic lymph nodes and reactively hyperplastic lymph nodes was significant at the same time (P<0.05). In tumor group, 24 lymph nodes were diagnosed as metastatic lymph nodes by IMRLG with 2 false positivity; while 91.67% (22/24) metastatic lymph nodes were confirmed by pathological diagnosis. In the reactive hyperplasia group,5 lymph nodes were misdiagnosed as metastatic lymph nodes by IMRLG and the false-positive rate was 18.5% (5/27). CONCLUSIONS: IMRLG enhanced by dextran-DTPA-Gd could effectively detect metastatic and reactively hyperplastic cervical lymph nodes. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mammaglobin expression and ETV6 gene alteration in salivary non-mammary analogue secretory carcinomas SUN Jing-jing, TIAN Zhen, WANG Li-zhen, ZHANG Chun-ye, ZHANG Ying, LI Jiang 2016, 14 (3):  223-227.  Abstract ( 463 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (2150KB) ( 300 )   PURPOSE: To determine the diagnostic value of mammaglobin (MMG) expression and ETV6 gene rearrangement in salivary gland carcinomas in addition to mammary analogue secretory carcinomas (MASC). METHODS: Ninety-five cases of salivary non-MASC carcinomas including 20 acinic cell carcinomas (AciCC), 10 polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas (PLGA), 6 salivary ductal carcinomas (SDC), 9 cystadenocarcinomas (CAC), 6 low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinomas (LGCCC), 14 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC), 14 malignant pleomorphic adenomas (MPA), and 16 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC) were selected for MMG immunohistochemical staining, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method was further performed in the cases characterized as MMG positive. RESULTS: 29/95 cases showed diffuse or focal staining for MMG and 17 cases demonstrated strong positivity, which included 4/6 SDC, 4/9 CAC, 4/6 LGCCC, 3/8 MPA (adenocarcinoma subtype), 1/10 PLGA and 1/4 high grade MEC. ETV6 gene rearrangement was not detected in any of the 29 MMG-positive cases. CONCLUSIONS: MMG expression was observed in some cases of salivary non-MASC carcinomas, and a higher proportion of strongly positive cases were detected in SDC, LGCCC and CAC, while none of them harbored ETV6 gene rearrangement, indicating that MMG may not serve as a promising diagnostic marker for MASC,and molecular study is needed to distinguish MASC from other salivary gland carcinomas. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Factors affecting the outcomes of non-surgical treatment of intracapsular condylar fractures WANG Bao-li, HE Dong-mei, YANG Chi, CAI Yi-hua, CAI Xie-yi, YANG Xiu-juan, MA Zhi-gui 2016, 14 (3):  228-233.  Abstract ( 438 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (803KB) ( 389 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the factors affecting non-surgical treatment of intracapsular condylar fractures (ICFs) and to provide scientific basis for the treatment of ICFs. METHODS: Patients with ICFs who received non-surgical treatment at the Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital between January 2003 and July 2014 were recruited. Coronal computed tomography (CT) images of these patients were taken and evaluated after injury and at least 3 months later during follow-up visits. Fracture healing was classified into 4 grades. SPSS 18.0 software package was used for statistical analysis and comparing the factors that affected fracture healing, including gender, age, fracture type and relative position of the mandibular ramus stump and the articular fossa. RESULTS: A total of 106 cases (145 sides) of ICFs with non-surgical treatment were collected. Thirty-one sides (21.4%) achieved grade 1 healing, 66 sides (45.5%) exhibited grade 2 healing, 43 sides (29.7%) exhibited grade 3 healing, and 5 sides (3.4%) exhibited grade 4 healing. A significant difference was observed in the fracture-healing grade among 3 factors: age, fracture type, and relative position of the mandibular ramus stump and the articular fossa. Gender was not a significant factor regarding to fracture healing. CONCLUSION: Age, fracture type and relative position of the mandibular ramus stump and the articular fossa were important factors for healing of ICFs treated non-surgically. The younger the patient, the better the healing and remodeling of the fracture. Comminuted fractures in general showed a poor prognosis. An unfavourable prognosis was also observed in cases in whom the mandibular ramus stump contacted the bottom of the articular fossa or in cases with superolateral dislocation of the joint, both of which easily led to ankylosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Long-term effect of augmented corticotomy assisted orthodontic treatment for adult patients with moderate to severe periodontitis WANG Bo, YU Hong-bo, SUN Liang-yan, SHEN Guo-fang, WANG Xu-dong, FANG Bing, GUO Qiu-man 2016, 14 (3):  234-238.  Abstract ( 508 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1247KB) ( 563 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term effect of augmented corticotomy assisted orthodontic treatment for adult patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. METHODS: A joint orthodontic and orthognathic consultation was performed on 3 adult patients diagnosed as moderate to severe periodontitis with an average age of 31 years old. Augmented corticotomy assisted orthodontic treatment and combined periodontal therapy were carried out with long-term follow-up of 2-3 years. RESULTS: Augmented corticotomy assisted orthodontic treatment resulted in normal facial appearances and occlusal relationships without the occurrences of periodontal iatrogenic sequelae. The long-term effect of alveolar augmentation were maintained at the surgical sites. CONCLUSIONS: Augmented corticotomy assisted orthodontic treatment is a promising technique for treatment of adult patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and significance of CLIC3 in salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma WANG Zhi-ming, WEN Hui-yuan, YE Ming, YANG Dong-sheng, ZHANG Wei-qing, PAN Yao, MA Ying 2016, 14 (3):  239-243.  Abstract ( 379 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1495KB) ( 344 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the expression and significance of chloride intracellular channel protein 3 (CLIC3) in salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). METHODS: Immunohistochemical and Western blot method were used to detect the expression of CLIC3 in MEC M3SP2 and MC3 cell lines. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of CLIC3 in 49 major salivary glands and 18 minor salivary glands MEC tissues. SPSS 13.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The positive expression rate of CLIC3 in salivary gland MEC tissues was 83.6%, whereas none in normal salivary gland tissues (P<0.01). High expression of CLIC3 was not related to clinicopathological parameters of salivary gland MEC(P>0.05). The expression of CLIC3 protein was positive in MEC M3SP2 and MC3 cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: CLIC3 may play a role in carcinogenesis and progress of salivary gland MEC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of surgical navigation in treatment of Eagle's syndrome DOU Geng, ZHANG Yu, TIAN Lei 2016, 14 (3):  244-248.  Abstract ( 448 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1814KB) ( 1097 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility, accuracy and clinical effect of intra-operative navigation for resection of elongated styloid process (ESP) in Eagle's syndrome. METHODS: Twelve patients with Eagle's syndrome with clinically and radiologically established diagnosis of ESP were enrolled. Preoperatively, the patients' Dicom data of skulls were input into the navigation system workstation to mark the ESP and make surgical plan in advance. During surgery, the intraoperative navigation was performed on all patients to excise the ESP accurately through both intraoral (without tonsillectomy) and extraoral approach following the operative plan. Postoperatively, the amount of bleeding, duration of operation and hospitalization and the length of resected SP were measured and compared with those through traditional styloidectomy without assistance of surgical navigation. A questionnaire and a simple visual analogue scale (VAS) was also used to assess patient's satisfaction and the surgical effect 3 months after surgery using SPSS 19.0 software package. RESULTS: In total, 17 styloid processes from 12 patients were precisely resected by intraoral parapharyngeal approach and small cervical approach with aid of surgical navigation. No severe surgical complications occurred in all patients. The length of resected styloid processes was (21.93±14.26) mm. The average amount of bleeding and duration of operation were (22.50±8.54) mL and (40.35±11.81) min, respectively, which are lower than traditional operation without aid of surgical navigation. VAS analysis showed that discomfort in all patients were relieved, while 10 patients' symptoms were improved obviously and 2 patients had some improvement. CONCLUSIONS: The high accuracy of surgery, lesser amount of bleeding, shorter duration of surgery and hospitalization, minimal complications and improved subjective symptoms certify that surgical navigation is a more effective and minimally invasive surgical procedure to treat Eagle's syndrome. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis of postoperative complications after invasive extraction of impacted third molar YI Yu-long, QI Peng, LI Yu 2016, 14 (3):  249-252.  Abstract ( 478 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (589KB) ( 658 )   PURPOSE: To discuss the complications, preventive measures and solutions during and after the extraction of completely impacted maxillary third molars. METHODS: Three hundred and seventy-six completely impacted maxillary third molars were determined by clinical examinations and pantomographies. Flap operations were done priorly by ordinary and modified Ward cut, then the teeth crowns were split by traditional chisel technique and high-speed air-turbine drill. Routines of oral anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and drugs to resolve swelling were given postoperatively, then number of complications were calculated in three different age groups of 12-25,26-40 and over 40 years old. The data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software package. RESULTS: During and after the extraction of completely impacted maxillary third molars among age groups of 12-25,26-40 and over 40 years old, there was no significant difference in complications such as soft tissue injuries, postoperative bleeding, facial swelling, aching, restrictions of mouth opening (P>0.05). However, there was significant difference in complications such as adjacent teeth injuries, lingual bone plate fracture, temporomandibular joint pain, alveolar osteitis, paresthesia of tongue and lower lip(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Complications like adjacent teeth injuries, lingual bone plate fracture, temporomandibular joint pain, alveolar osteitis, paresthesia of tongue and lower lip were interrelated to operators' technical levels and patients' ages, early extractions could help prevent and reduce the occurrence of complications. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Reports

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Analysis of mandibular condylar fracture in 68 patients LI Yong-ping, LUO Xiu-juan, YUAN Xiao-qin, GUO Jian-shu, GUO Lei, WEN Zhi-chun 2016, 14 (3):  253-256.  Abstract ( 431 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (503KB) ( 421 )   PURPOSE: To summarize the clinical characteristics, classification and principles of treatment of mandibular condyle fracture (MCF), to provide a theoretical basis for treatment of MCF. METHODS: Sixty-eight patients (91 sides) with MCF treated from April 2006 to April 2014 were selected. The epidemiology, clinical characteristics, classification, treatment methods and complications of MCF were retrospectively analyzed. The data were processed with SPSS 12.0 software package. RESULTS: Among 68 patients with MCF, 49 (72.06%)were male, 19 (27.94 %) were female; the proportion of male patients with MCF was significantly larger than that of female patients (P<0.05); 56 patients were 7-40 years old while 12 patients were 41 to 70 years old(P<0.05). The most commonly causes of MCF were violence and traffic accident. Encapsulation fractures were seen in 32 (47.06%)cases, condylar neck fractures in 16(23.53%) cases and subcondylar fractures in 20 (29.41%) cases. Among 32 cases with encapsulation fracture, type A fracture was in 13 cases, type B in 8 cases, type C in 6 cases and type M in 5 cases. Eleven（16.18%) patients were treated by conservative therapy and 57（83.82%） patients were treated by open surgery. Mouth opening and occlusion were significantly improved 2 weeks after operation (P<0.05), and the degree of improvement was significantly greater than conservative treatment (P<0.05). Significant difference was noted in final outcomes among encapsulation fractures, condylar neck fractures and subcondylar fractures after treatment(P<0.05); trans-parotid approach can significantly improve mouth opening, reduce malocclusion and mouth deviation(P<0.05); the rate of postoperative complications via pre-auricular approach was 40%, which was significantly higher (P<0.05) than traditional submandibular approach and trans-parotid approach; while the incidence of postoperative infection and salivation was not significantly different (P>0.05) among preauricular approach, trans-parotid approach and traditional submandibular approach. CONCLUSIONS: Intracapsular fracture is the most common type of MCF; treatment of MCF should be based on the patient's clinical characteristics and classification. Conservative treatment or open surgery can be applied in selected cases with good clinical results. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Castleman’s disease of the head and neck: a clinicopathologic study of 10 cases CHEN Jia, ZHOU Jie, WANG Guo-dong, HUANG Jian-tao, CHEN Xiao-qing, WU Yang, LIU Yuan, JIANG Lei, ZHAO Yun-fu 2016, 14 (3):  257-262.  Abstract ( 496 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1734KB) ( 551 )   PURPOSE: To summarize the clinicopathological features, diagnosis, treatment strategies and prognosis of Castleman's disease (CD) in the head and neck. METHODS: We analyzed 10 cases of CD in the head and neck region with pathological diagnosis of CD treated between January 1998 and September 2015. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin-embedded tissues. RESULTS: The studied subjects consisted of 6 males and 4 females. The median age was 44 years old(range from 19 to 67 years old). The course of disease ranged from 15 days to 8 years with a median of 12 months. The most common sign was an asymptomatic mass in head or neck region. The primary lesions included the parotid region in 3 patients and neck in 7 patients. According to histopathological subclassification, 6 cases were hyaline-vascular type (HVT) and 4 cases were plasma cell type (PCT). Clinically, 6 cases were localized HVT-CD, 2 cases were localized PCT-CD and 2 were multicentric CD. CONCLUSIONS: CD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cervical nodal enlargements. Overgrowth of follicular dendritic cells in the hyaline vascular type of CD might represent a precursor of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Evidence-based Dentistry

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Efficacy of partial superficial parotidectomy versus superficial parotidectomy for benign neoplasm of superficial parotid gland: meta-analysis LI Chen-xi, LIU Hui, GONG Zhong-cheng, LING Bin, KEREMU·Abasi, LIN Zhao-quan 2016, 14 (3):  263-269.  Abstract ( 439 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1272KB) ( 616 )   PURPOSE: To systematically review the clinical effects and safety of partial superficial parotidectomy (PSP) and superficial parotidectomy (SP) for benign neoplasm of superficial parotid gland. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2015), Web of Knowledge、CNKI、CBM、Wan Fang Data and VIP up to April 2015. Randomized controlled trials involving treatment outcomes of benign neoplasm of superficial parotid gland using partial superficial parotidectomy (PSP) compared with superficial parotidectomy (SP) were included.Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. RevMan5.2 software was used for meta analysis. RESULTS: A total of 11 studies involving 809 patients were included. The results of meta analysis showed there were significant differences between PSP group and SP group in transient or permanent facial paresis [RR=0.41, 95%CI(0.23,0.72), P=0.002], salivary fistula or subcutaneous effusion [RR=0.32, 95%CI(0.16,0.64), P=0.001], Frey's syndrome [RR=0.38, 95%CI(0.26,0.55), P<0.0001], facial asymmetry or scar deformity [RR=0.19, 95%CI(0.12,0.31), P<0.0001], reduction of salivary flow or xerostomia [RR=0.04, 95%CI(0.02,0.09), P<0.0001]; occurrence of great auricular analgesia was significantly less in PSP group than SP group; there was no significant difference in tumor recurrence between the two groups [RR=0.98, 95%CI(0.34,2.86), P=0.98]. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with SP, PSP does not increase the recurrence rates. Meanwhile, compared with SP, PSP shows lower incidence of postoperative complications in transient or permanent facial paresis, salivary fistula or subcutaneous effusion, Frey’s syndrome, facial asymmetry or scar deformity, reduction of salivary flow or xerostomia, and great auricular analgesia.PSP is a safe and effective technique for treatment of benign neoplasm of superficial parotid gland with certain advantages over SP, which can be widely applied in clinic. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Dental Education

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A close contact with the world-class department of head and neck surgery-a report of one year study in MDACC HAN Wei 2016, 14 (3):  270-275.  Abstract ( 395 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1161KB) ( 371 )   Founded by Qiu Wei Liu youth physician training fund, the author was able to complete a one-year oversea study in MD Anderson cancer center(MDACC) . During the past one year of study, the author got a precious chance to have a close contact with the world-class department of head and neck surgery and was involved in such an amazing academic atmosphere, and experienced MDACC-conducted whole training process for researchers and how productive a characterized, professionalized and institutionalized lab could be. Moreover, as the most famous cancer treatment center, MDACC demonstrated the concept of joint diagnosis and treatment by multi-discipline subjects approach, world-class diagnosis and treatment standard and humanistic care throughout the whole treatment. This paper is not only represented as an appreciation for Mr. Qiu's generosity for guiding and supporting youth physicians, but also open a window to oversea advanced clinical institution for our professional counterparts. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of alveolar soft part sarcoma of the head and neck region WANG Hong-wei, WANG Xu-kai, QIN Xing-jun, ZHANG Chen-ping 2016, 14 (3):  276-281.  Abstract ( 543 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (667KB) ( 542 )   Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is an extremely rare malignant neoplasm that accounts for less than 1% of all soft tissue sarcomas. Despite being a slow-growing tumor with an asymptomatic course, ASPS demonstrates a disproportionate frequency of distant metastases even at the early stages of disease. The delay of diagnosis brings about many difficulties to obtain a more favorable clinical course. Recently, owing to the development of technique, the diagnosis and treatment progress of ASPS continue to improve. This paper summarized the literatures on diagnosis, treatment progress and prognosis of ASPS of the head and neck region. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Case Reports

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Facial malformation caused by unilateral elongated coronoid process: report of a case and literature review JIANG Can-yang, HUANG Yue, SHI Bin, ZHU Xiao-feng, LIN Li-song. 2016, 14 (3):  282-284.  Abstract ( 474 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (553KB) ( 463 )   Elongation of the mandibular coronoid process is a kind of abnormal presentations. It is a rare condition, and often occurs bilaterally. So far, there still is no consensus about its etiology, several hypotheses have been proposed. Diagnosis of the condition is made based on clinical signs of mouth opening limitation and facial asymmetry, imaging exams (panoramic radiography, cone-beam computerized tomography and three-dimensional computerized tomography)and histopathology. Coronoidectomy is a reliable treatment modality. This paper reported a case of facial malformation without mouth opening limitation caused by unilateral coronoid process elongation and reviewed relevant literatures. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Scissors inflicted penetrating injuries of the deep maxillofacial region removed successfully under the guidance of DSA：report of one case and review of the literature WANG Shuang-yi, YUE Jin, XUE Ling-fa, XU Yao-xiang, XIAO Wen-lin, ZHANG Wei, MENG Xue. 2016, 14 (3):  285-288.  Abstract ( 339 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (859KB) ( 298 )   A case of scissors inflicted penetrating injuries of the deep maxillofacial region removed successfully under the guidance of digital subtraction angiography( DSA) was reported .Based on the related literatures ,the diagnosis and treatment of such injury were discussed, in order to improve the recognization of such injury and the clinical experience of rescue and treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics