Analysis of changes in nutritional status and its influencing factors in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery for dento-maxillofacial deformities

doi:10.19438/j.cjoms.2026.03.007

Abstract

Abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the trajectory of nutritional status changes and their influencing factors in patients with dento-maxillofacial deformities during orthognathic surgery, so as to provide guidance for the formulation of personalized nutritional intervention plans in clinical practice. METHODS: A convenience sampling method was adopted to select 241 patients with dento-maxillofacial deformities who underwent orthognathic surgery at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from December 2023 to December 2024. General demographic data, oral and nutrition-related information, and laboratory indicators were collected. Nutritional monitoring was performed using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) scale. The nutritional status of patients with dento-maxillofacial deformities was evaluated at 5 time points (preoperatively, at discharge, 2 weeks postoperatively, 1 month postoperatively, and 3 months postoperatively) based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted. RESULTS: Among the 241 patients with dentomaxillofacial deformities, the incidence rates of nutritional risk before surgery, at discharge, 2 weeks after surgery, 1 month after surgery, and 3 months after surgery were 18.26%, 100.00%, 100.00%, 69.71% and 25.31%, respectively. Specifically, totally 73 patients (30.29%) had severe malnutrition both at 2 weeks and 1 month after surgery, while 176 patients (73.03%) and 168 patients (69.70%) had mild/moderate malnutrition at discharge and 2 weeks after surgery, respectively. Preoperative weight gain plans, fibrinogen transfusions, blood transfusions, postoperative intake, and discharge dietary plans were the primary factors influencing nutritional status changes in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery for dento-maxillofacial deformities (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients undergoing orthognathic surgery for dento-maxillofacial deformities present with considerable fluctuations in nutritional risk. In this regard, medical staff should strictly standardize the perioperative indications for fibrinogen infusion and blood transfusion, strengthen nutritional education, assist patients in formulating a rational diet plan, and thus effectively resolve the full-cycle nutritional challenges faced by these patients.

Key words: Dento-maxillofacial deformities, Orthognathic surgery, Nutritional assessment, Malnutrition, Change trajectory, Influencing factor

CLC Number:

R782.2

Yu Jinxian, Liu Ting, Wang Bixia, Jiang Liantian, Yuan Weijun, Gu Fen. Analysis of changes in nutritional status and its influencing factors in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery for dento-maxillofacial deformities[J]. China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2026, 24(3): 247-254.

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