Effect of exogenous bFGF on osseointegration of titanium implants in type 2 diabetic rats and its possible mechanism

doi:10.19438/j.cjoms.2022.01.004

Abstract

Abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the effect and mechanism of exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on osseointegration of titanium implants in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. METHODS: Forty SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, T2DM group, bFGF-T2DM group, and lithium chloride (LiCl)-T2DM group. The control group was fed with normal diet, and the remaining rats were fed with high-fat and high-sugar + intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) 30 mg/kg to establish a T2DM model. After modeling, pure titanium implants were implanted in the proximal epiphysis of the right tibia. The bFGF-T2DM group was treated with recombinant rat basic fibroblast growth factor (rrbFGF)-poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres before implantation, and the remaining rats were treated with placebo- PLGA microsphere processing. After implantation of LiCl-T2DM group, LiCl 60 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 was injected subcutaneously for 8 weeks, and the remaining rats were injected with equal volume of normal saline. The general conditions of the rats after surgery were observed and random blood glucose was recorded. Eight weeks after operation, ponceau red staining was used to observe bone histological morphology and bone histological parameters were calculated. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of osteocalcin (OCN), type I collagen (collagen type I, Col-1), core binding factor 2 (runt-related transcription factor 2, Runx2), β-catenin and cell-myc(c-myc) in the bone tissue around the implants. SPSS 20.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The random blood glucose of T2DM group, bFGF-T2DM group and LiCl-T2DM group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Eight weeks after implantation, no bone implant contact was found in T2DM group. bFGF-T2DM group had a wide range of bone implant contact, which was close to the control group. In LiCl-T2DM group, there was no bone tissue contact in some areas. Compared with the control group, the relative expression of β-catenin and c-myc protein in T2DM group, the relative expression of OCN, Col-1, Runx2 and bone-implant contact(BIC), trabecular bone volume(TBV) of LiCl-T2DM group and T2DM group decreased, and the relative expression of β-catenin and c-myc protein increased significantly in LiCl-T2DM group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in BIC, TBV, relative expression of OCN, Col-1, Runx2, β-catenin and c-myc between the control group and bFGF-T2DM group(P>0.05). Compared with T2DM group, BIC, TBV, relative expressions of OCN, Col-1, Runx2, β-catenin and c-myc in bFGF-T2DM group and LiCl-T2DM group were increased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with bFGF-T2DM group, BIC, TBV and relative expressions of OCN, Col-1, Runx2 in LiCl-T2DM group were significantly decreased, while the relative expression levels of β-catenin and c-myc protein were significantly decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous bFGF can promote the healing of titanium implant bone tissue in T2DM rats and promote bone formation. The mechanism may be related to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor, Bone graft, Dental implant, Osseointegration

CLC Number:

R782.1

WANG Hui-li, XIE Bing, WEI Yu-hong. Effect of exogenous bFGF on osseointegration of titanium implants in type 2 diabetic rats and its possible mechanism[J]. China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2022, 20(1): 22-27.

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