肿瘤微环境内未成熟中性粒细胞与HPV阴性头颈鳞癌预后的相关性分析

doi:10.19438/j.cjoms.2026.03.005

中国口腔颌面外科杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 234-240.doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2026.03.005

肿瘤微环境内未成熟中性粒细胞与HPV阴性头颈鳞癌预后的相关性分析

梁微鹏¹, 戴振霖², 严明¹, 阮敏¹, 张陈平¹

1.上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔颌面-头颈肿瘤科,上海交通大学口腔医学院, 国家口腔医学中心,口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心,上海市口腔医学重点实验室, 上海市口腔医学研究所,上海 200011;
2.复旦大学附属中山医院口腔颌面外科,上海 200030

收稿日期:2025-12-03 修回日期:2026-01-04 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-04
通讯作者: 张陈平, E-mail: zhang.chenping@hotmail.com
作者简介:梁微鹏（1998—）,男,硕士,E-mail: L.weipeng@hotmail.com

The correlation between immature neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment and the prognosis of HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Liang Weipeng¹, Dai Zhenlin², Yan Ming¹, Ruan Min¹, Zhang Chenping¹

1. Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology;Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology. Shanghai 200011;
2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Shanghai 200030, China

Received:2025-12-03 Revised:2026-01-04 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 解析不同人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus,HPV）感染状态下头颈鳞癌（head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSCC）微环境的中性粒细胞特征,揭示未成熟中性粒细胞与HPV阴性HNSCC进展之间的关系。方法: 分析GSE164690数据集中的单细胞转录组测序数据,比较不同HPV感染状态HNSCC肿瘤微环境中的中性粒细胞异质性特征。利用TCGA数据库进行生存预后分析,明确未成熟中性粒细胞与HPV阴性HNSCC患者肿瘤进展的关系;通过临床标本的免疫组织化学染色及流式细胞术验证未成熟中性粒细胞对肿瘤不良预后的预示作用。结果: 本研究系统描绘了HPV阴性及HPV阳性HNSCC肿瘤微环境内中性粒细胞的功能特征,结果显示,未成熟中性粒细胞在HPV阴性HNSCC中显著富集,并与患者的不良预后相关。该细胞群同时高表达多种肿瘤进展及炎症反应相关基因（CCL20、INHBA、IL6、CXCL2、CXCL8）。临床样本验证显示,中性粒细胞在肿瘤内存在,且未成熟中性粒细胞在HPV阴性HNSCC肿瘤组织中的浸润程度显著高于邻近正常组织。结论: 不同HPV感染状态下HNSCC肿瘤微环境中中性粒细胞呈现差异化特征,其中未成熟中性粒细胞与HPV阴性HNSCC的不良预后及肿瘤进展密切相关。

关键词: 中性粒细胞, 人乳头瘤病毒, 头颈鳞状细胞癌, 肿瘤微环境, 预后标志物

Abstract: PURPOSE: To characterize neutrophil features in the tumor microenvironment(TME) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) under different human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status, and to investigate the association between immature neutrophils and disease progression in HPV-negative HNSCC. METHODS: Single-cell RNA sequencing data from the GSE164690 dataset were analyzed to compare neutrophil heterogeneity in the TME of HNSCC with different HPV status. Survival analysis based on the TCGA database was performed to evaluate the relationship between immature neutrophils and tumor progression in HPV-negative HNSCC patients. Immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry analysis of clinical samples were used to validate the prognostic significance of immature neutrophils in predicting poor outcomes. RESULTS: This study systematically delineated the functional characteristics of neutrophils in the TME of both HPV-negative and HPV-positive HNSCC. Results demonstrated that immature neutrophils were significantly enriched in HPV-negative HNSCC and correlated with unfavorable patient prognosis. This neutrophil subset also exhibited elevated expression of multiple genes associated with tumor progression and inflammatory responses, including CCL20, INHBA, IL6, CXCL2 and CXCL8. Clinical sample validation confirmed the presence of neutrophils within HPV-negative HNSCC tumor tissues, with significantly higher infiltration levels of immature neutrophils in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Neutrophils in the TME of HNSCC display distinct characteristics depending on HPV status. Immature neutrophils are closely associated with poor prognosis and tumor progression in HPV-negative HNSCC.

Key words: Neutrophils, Human papillomavirus, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Tumor microenvironment, Prognostic biomarker

中图分类号:

R739.8

梁微鹏, 戴振霖, 严明, 阮敏, 张陈平. 肿瘤微环境内未成熟中性粒细胞与HPV阴性头颈鳞癌预后的相关性分析[J]. 中国口腔颌面外科杂志, 2026, 24(3): 234-240.

Liang Weipeng, Dai Zhenlin, Yan Ming, Ruan Min, Zhang Chenping. The correlation between immature neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment and the prognosis of HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma[J]. China J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2026, 24(3): 234-240.

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肿瘤微环境内未成熟中性粒细胞与HPV阴性头颈鳞癌预后的相关性分析

The correlation between immature neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment and the prognosis of HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

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