邻牙移入对组织工程骨修复的牙槽突裂区骨改建的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：研究利用3D打印的支架材料制作组织工程骨并植入大鼠牙槽突裂区，邻牙受正畸力向植骨区移动对植入骨改建的生物学影响。方法：选取12只8周龄SD大鼠，制备双侧上颌牙槽突裂标准动物模型。利用3D打印的组织工程支架材料与大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）体外共培养后，作为植入材料，植入动物体内。术后8周处死3只大鼠取材， H-E染色评价成骨，并行单侧植骨区邻牙加力移入，非加力侧为对照组。在加力1、3、7 d后分别处死3只大鼠取材，采用实时荧光定量PCR技术（RT-PCR）检测成骨相关基因Runx2、OCN和VEGF的表达，应用SPSS19.0软件包对实验组和对照组的基因表达样本均数进行t检验。结果： H-E染色显示，手术区骨组织成熟，成骨良好。RT-PCR显示，Runx2呈现早期到中期增高，而到晚期再降低的趋势；OCN的表达在早期到中期无显著变化，到晚期升高明显；VEGF表达在加力早期到中期再到晚期呈现逐渐降低的趋势；而早、中、晚期实验组的各项成骨相关基因表达均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：3D打印支架材料构建的组织工程骨可以很好地替代自体骨移植，以达到良好的成骨效果。正畸手段使邻牙移入植骨区，可以有效促进术区成骨，并且诱导成骨细胞及破骨细胞进行骨改建。

关键词: 牙槽突裂, 3D打印, 组织工程, RT-PCR, 骨改建

Abstract: PURPOSE: To study the biological effects of orthodontic tooth movement into surgical site on bone remodeling after bone graft. METHODS: Twelve SD rats were used as experimental animals. Critical size defects (CSD) were established on maxillary alveolar bone in SPF SD rats (8-week-old, 200±20g). 3D printed polycaprolactone scaffolds and rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were co-cultured in vitro and then were used to be grafted into CSDs as substitution of autogenous bone. Eight weeks after surgery, 3 rats were sacrificed to take samples. H-E staining was used to evaluate the osteogenesis. Meanwhile, orthodontic devices were used to move adjacent teeth into surgical area in one side, the other side was used as control. Three SD rats were sacrificed respectively 1, 3 and 7 days after treatment. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of OPN, Trap, Runx2, Rank1, OCN and VEGF between the experimental group and control group. SPSS 19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: H-E staining revealed abundant bone regeneration and osseous tissue was mature. RT-PCR showed that OCN expressed highest in late stage but had no significant difference between early stage and middle stage; expression of Runx2 rose from early stage to middle stage and declined to late stage; VEGF expression progressively decreased from early stage to late stage; expressions of each gene in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group (P＜0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Tissue-engineered bone employing 3D printed scaffold can successfully substitute for autogenous bone to regenerate new bone. Using orthodontic method to move adjacent tooth into surgical area can promote bone regeneration, induce osteoblast and osteoclast to remodel bone biological structure.

Key words: Alveolar cleft, 3D printing, Tissue engineering, RT-PCR, Bone remodeling

中图分类号:

R782.1

金灿，陈振琦，吴军. 邻牙移入对组织工程骨修复的牙槽突裂区骨改建的影响[J]. 中国口腔颌面外科杂志, 2017, 15(4): 320-323.

JIN Can, CHEN Zhen-qi, WU Jun.. Bone remolding after adjacent tooth moving into alveolar cleft site repaired by tissue-engineered bone graft[J]. China J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2017, 15(4): 320-323.

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