基于“4C”理念的气管切开居家护理模式在口腔颌面头颈肿瘤带管出院患者中的应用

doi:10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.01.006

中国口腔颌面外科杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 29-34.doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2025.01.006

基于“4C”理念的气管切开居家护理模式在口腔颌面头颈肿瘤带管出院患者中的应用

徐诸凤^1,2, 王悦平^1,*, 施佳敏¹, 郁玺玺¹, 谢瑜婷¹, 侯黎莉^1,2

1.上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院护理部,上海 200011;
2.上海交通大学护理学院,上海 200025

收稿日期:2024-07-29 修回日期:2024-08-20 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-01-23
通讯作者: 侯黎莉,E-mail: pisces_1iz@163.com
作者简介:徐诸凤（1992-）,女,在读硕士研究生,E-mail: 724047219@qq.com;王悦平（1980-）,女,E-mail: 18121213995@163.com。^*并列第一作者
基金资助:
上海申康发展中心人才计划（SHDC2023CRS009）; 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院优秀护理人才计划（JYHRC22-P03）

Application of home care model for tracheotomy based on "4C" concept in discharged patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors after tracheotomy tubes

XU Zhu-feng^1,2, WANG Yue-ping¹, SHI Jia-min¹, YU Xi-xi¹, XIE Yu-ting¹, HOU Li-li^1,2

1. Department of Nursing, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Shanghai 200011;
2. Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing. Shanghai 200025, China

Received:2024-07-29 Revised:2024-08-20 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-01-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：评估基于“4C”理念的气管切开居家护理模式在口腔颌面头颈肿瘤带管出院患者中的应用效果。方法：通过便利抽样选取2022年8月—2023年3月在上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔颌面-头颈肿瘤科带管出院的气管切开患者及其照顾者,根据收治病区将其分为对照组（67例）和试验组（66例）。对照组实施常规出院护理和随访,试验组实施基于“4C”理念的气管切开居家护理模式。出院后2周、1个月、3个月比较照顾者照顾能力、照顾负担和气道相关并发症的发生率。采用SPSS 26.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：对照组患者年龄为（57.42±14.50）岁,照顾者年龄为（50.88±14.54）岁;试验组患者年龄为（56.92±13.89）岁,照顾者年龄为（53.77±13.47）岁。出院后2周、1个月、3个月,试验组照顾者的照顾能力、照顾负担得分显著低于对照组（P<0.01）;出院后3个月,试验组气道相关并发症发生率显著低于对照组（P<0.01）。结论：基于“4C”理念的气管切开居家护理模式,可提高口腔颌面头颈肿瘤带管出院患者照顾者的照顾能力,减轻照顾负担,降低气道相关并发症的发生率。

关键词: 气管切开, 居家护理, 口腔颌面头颈肿瘤, 家庭照顾者, 照顾能力, 照顾负担, 并发症

Abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the application effect of home nursing model of tracheotomy based on "4C" concept in discharged patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors with tracheotomy tubes. METHODS: A total of 133 patients with tracheotomy and their caregivers who were discharged from the Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from August 2022 to March 2023 were selected by convenience sampling method and divided into the control group(n=67) and the experimental group(n=66) according to the hospital ward. The control group was treated with routine discharge nursing and follow-up, and the experimental group was treated with home nursing model of tracheotomy based on "4C" concept. Caregiver ability, caregiver burden and incidence of adverse events at home were compared 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months after discharge. SPSS 26.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The age of patients in the control group was (57.42±14.50) years, and the age of caregivers was (50.88±14.54) years. The age of the patients in the experimental group was (56.92±13.89) years, and age of the caregivers was (53.77±13.47) years. At 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months after discharge, the scores of caregiving ability and caregiving burden of the the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.01). The incidence of airway-related complications in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group 3 months after discharge(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Home nursing model of tracheotomy based on "4C" concept can improve the caring ability of caregivers of discharged patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors with tubes, reduce the burden of care, and the incidence of airway-related complications at home.

Key words: Tracheotomy, Home care, Oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors, Family caregivers, Caring ability, Care burden, Complications

中图分类号:

R739.8

徐诸凤, 王悦平, 施佳敏, 郁玺玺, 谢瑜婷, 侯黎莉. 基于“4C”理念的气管切开居家护理模式在口腔颌面头颈肿瘤带管出院患者中的应用[J]. 中国口腔颌面外科杂志, 2025, 23(1): 29-34.

XU Zhu-feng, WANG Yue-ping, SHI Jia-min, YU Xi-xi, XIE Yu-ting, HOU Li-li. Application of home care model for tracheotomy based on "4C" concept in discharged patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors after tracheotomy tubes[J]. China J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2025, 23(1): 29-34.

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基于“4C”理念的气管切开居家护理模式在口腔颌面头颈肿瘤带管出院患者中的应用

Application of home care model for tracheotomy based on "4C" concept in discharged patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors after tracheotomy tubes

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