微种植体支抗在上颌伸长磨牙压低中的效果及牙根吸收风险评估

doi:10.19438/j.cjoms.2026.02.005

中国口腔颌面外科杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 128-132.doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2026.02.005

微种植体支抗在上颌伸长磨牙压低中的效果及牙根吸收风险评估

顾朦, 李宇佳, 袁德艳

中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第904医院口腔科,江苏无锡 214000

收稿日期:2025-04-24 修回日期:2025-10-24 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-02
通讯作者: 袁德艳,E-mail: 675947235@qq.com
作者简介:顾朦（1994—）,女,本科,E-mail: medusa0215@126.com
基金资助:
江苏省卫生健康委面上项目（M2021077）

Evaluation of microimplant anchorage in depressing maxillary elongated molars and CBCT assessment of root resorption risks

Gu Meng, Li Yujia, Yuan Deyan

Department of Stomatology, the 904th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force. Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China

Received:2025-04-24 Revised:2025-10-24 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 采用CBCT评估微种植体支抗（microimplant anchorage,MIA）在上颌伸长磨牙压低中的临床效果及牙根吸收风险。方法: 选取2021年2月—2024年5月联勤保障部队第904医院收治的119例上颌伸长磨牙患者（共130颗伸长上颌磨牙）,采用MIA技术进行磨牙压低治疗。治疗前后拍摄CBCT,测量磨牙至腭平面（ANS-PNS）的垂直距离以评估压低效果,测量牙体长度、颈部牙槽骨高度、牙周探诊深度（probing depth,PD）、改良龈沟出血指数（modified bleeding index,mBI）。采用Levander分级法评估牙根吸收情况,通过口腔健康影响程度量表（Oral Health Impact Profile-14,OHIP-14）及牙功能量表评估患者生活质量与牙功能。结果: 130颗伸长上颌磨牙均实现有效压低,治疗前磨牙至 ANS-PNS 平面垂直距离为（26.43±1.04）mm,治疗后降至（24.51±1.02）mm,平均压低（1.92±0.29）mm。治疗后牙体长度、颈部牙槽骨高度均较治疗前显著改善（P<0.05）。治疗后3个月,30颗（23.1%）发生轻度吸收,4颗（3.1%）发生中度吸收;治疗后6个月,仅17颗（13.1%）残留轻度吸收,无重度/极重度吸收。治疗后 3 个月,OHIP-14 评分显著降低,牙功能评分显著升高（P<0.05）。结论: MIA用于上颌伸长磨牙压低效果显著,可改善牙体形态与牙周状况,提升患者功能与生活质量,且牙根吸收风险较低。

关键词: 锥形束CT, 微种植体支抗, 上颌伸长磨牙, 牙根吸收

Abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of microimplant anchorage(MIA) in the intrusion of overerupted maxillary molars and the risk of root resorption using CBCT. METHODS: A total of 119 patients with overerupted maxillary molars(130 overerupted maxillary molars in total) admitted to the 904th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force from February 2021 to May 2024 were selected, and all received molar intrusion treatment using MIA technology. CBCT scans were performed before and after treatment. The vertical distance from the molar to the palatal plane(ANS-PNS) was measured to assess the intrusion effect; the tooth length, alveolar bone height at the cervical margin, periodontal probing depth(PD), and modified bleeding index(mBI) were measured. Levander classification was used to evaluate root resorption, and Oral Health Impact Profile-14(OHIP-14) and dental function scale were used to assess patients' quality of life and dental function. RESULTS: All 130 overerupted maxillary molars achieved effective intrusion: the vertical distance from the molar to the ANS-PNS plane was (26.43±1.04) mm before treatment, which decreased to (24.51±1.02) mm after treatment, with an average intrusion of (1.92±0.29) mm. After treatment, the tooth length, alveolar bone height at the cervical margin were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). At 3 months after treatment, 30 molars(23.1%) had mild resorption, and 4 molars (3.1%) had moderate resorption; at 6 months after treatment, only 17 molars(13.1%) had residual mild resorption, and no severe/extreme severe resorption was observed. At 3 months after treatment, the OHIP-14 score decreased significantly, and the dental function score increased significantly(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: MIA has significant effect on the intrusion of overerupted maxillary molars. It can improve tooth morphology and periodontal status, enhance patients' function and quality of life, and has a low risk of root resorption.

Key words: CBCT, Microimplant anchorage, Maxillary elongation molars, Root resorption

中图分类号:

R782.1

顾朦, 李宇佳, 袁德艳. 微种植体支抗在上颌伸长磨牙压低中的效果及牙根吸收风险评估[J]. 中国口腔颌面外科杂志, 2026, 24(2): 128-132.

Gu Meng, Li Yujia, Yuan Deyan. Evaluation of microimplant anchorage in depressing maxillary elongated molars and CBCT assessment of root resorption risks[J]. China J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2026, 24(2): 128-132.

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微种植体支抗在上颌伸长磨牙压低中的效果及牙根吸收风险评估

Evaluation of microimplant anchorage in depressing maxillary elongated molars and CBCT assessment of root resorption risks

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