中国口腔颌面外科杂志

中国口腔颌面外科杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (6): 518-521.doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2019.06.007

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

牙颌面畸形患者术后留置胃管对口腔健康相关生活质量的影响

袁卫军, 李丽, 杨霞, 刘婷, 单瑛, 朱怡   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院·口腔医学院 口腔颅颌面科,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,上海市口腔医学重点实验室,上海市口腔医学研究所,上海 200011
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-07 出版日期:2019-11-20 发布日期:2019-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 李丽,E-mail:sunbook_2001@126.com
  • 作者简介:袁卫军(1968-),女,本科,副主任护师,E-mail：ywj680711@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海护理学会面上基金项目（2015M5-B09）

Effect of postoperative gastric tube placement on oral health-related quality of life in patients with dental and maxillofacial deformity

YUAN Wei-jun, LI Li, YANG Xia, LIU Ting, SHAN Ying, ZHU Yi   

  1. Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology. Shanghai 200011, China
  • Received:2018-11-07 Online:2019-11-20 Published:2019-12-16

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摘要： 目的: 探讨牙颌面畸形患者术后留置胃管对口腔健康相关生活质量的影响,为正颌患者术后进食方式的选择提供参考。方法: 研究对象为2016年10月—2017年5月我院口腔颅颌面科的正颌手术住院患者,分为鼻饲组（术后拔出鼻插管后2 h,经胃管进食流质超过24 h）和口饲组（术后拔出鼻插管后2 h,经口进食流质）。采用患者一般状况和口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14),调查患者口腔健康相关生活质量。采用SPSS 18.0软件包对调查数据进行统计学分析。结果: 共纳入正颌患者102例,平均年龄（24.1±4.4）岁;63.7%为女性;本科及以上文化程度占63.8%;55.9%为在职人员,28.4%是学生;82.4%为未婚。2组在年龄、性别、文化程度、职业和婚姻状态方面无统计学差异。口饲组和鼻饲组口腔健康影响程度得分分别为35.2±9.295和31.36±7.505,差异具有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。各维度在功能受限、能力限制的得分差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。正颌患者术后留置胃管3 d,可提高营养液摄入量,尤其是术后第1天和第2天,鼻饲营养液量显著高于口饲量（P<0.01）。结论: 正颌患者术后留置胃管3 d,可提高口腔健康相关生活质量和术后营养液摄入量,为患者术后早日康复提供保障。

关键词: 牙颌面畸形, 正颌手术, 生活质量, 胃管留置

Abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the influence of postoperative feeding in patients with maxillofacial deformity, and to provide a reference for the selection of postoperative feeding mode in patients with oral and maxillofacial deformity. METHODS: The subjects were patients admitted to our hospital for orthognathic surgery from October, 2016 to May, 2017. They were divided into two groups： nasogastric feeding group (2 hours after nasal intubation was pulled out, feeding fluid with the gastric tube for more than 24 hours) and oral feeding group (2 hours after nasal intubation was pulled out, feeding fluid by oral cavity). The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to investigate the oral health-related quality of life. SPSS 18.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESUILS: One hundred and two cases were enrolled, the average age was 24.1±4.4 years; 63.7% were female; 63.8% were undergraduate; 55.9% were in-service staffs and 28.4% were students; 82.4% patients were unmarried. There was no significant difference in age, sex, education level, occupational and marital status between the two groups. The scores of oral health of two groups were 35.2±9.295 and 31.36±7.505, respectively, with significant difference (P<0.05). The functional limitations and ability limit scores of each dimension were statistically significant (P<0.05) between the two groups. Indwelling gastric tube for 3 days postoperatively can increase the intake of nutrient solution, especially 1 d and 2 d postoperatively. The amount of nasal feeding nutrient solution was significantly higher than that of oral feeding (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The indwelling gastric tube for 3 days after orthognathic surgery can improve the quality of life related to oral health, significantly increase the intake of postoperative nutrient solution, and provide guarantee for early recovery of patients after surgery.

Key words: Dentomaxillofacial deformity, Orthognathic surgery, Quality of life, Indwelling gastric tube

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